Modal verbs
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| Modal | Uses | Examples |
|---|---|---|
can be able to | ability | Mary can swim very well Mary is able to swim very well |
| Could | past ability | Mary could swim very well when she was a child |
| must | obligation | You must study hard for the exam |
have to need | obligation/need | I have to buy the books today You need to study harder |
don't have to needn't | lack of obligation | You don't have to come this afternoon You needn't come this afternoon |
| mustn't | prohibition | You mustn't eat in class |
| can't | certainty that somethinf is impossible | She can't be Susan! This girl looks much older |
| must | certainty that something is true | He drives a Mercedes. He must be very rich |
| can | request | Can I go to the cinema? |
could may | polite request | Could you carry my shopping bags? May I come in? |
can could may might | possibility | Riding a horse can be dangerous It could be a good idea to take an umbrella It may snow tomorrow She might fail her maths exam |
should ought to | advice/opinion | You should behave better in school You ought to behave better in school |