Chuletas y apuntes de Inglés de Bachillerato y Selectividad

1. Regular Verbs (Verbos Regulares)

Forman el pasado y el participio agregando la terminación -ed.

• Ejemplo: work → worked, play → played.

Reglas especiales de ortografía:

• Terminación en -e: se agrega solo -d (love → loved).
• CVC (Consonante–Vocal–Consonante): se duplica la última consonante (stop → stopped).
• Terminación en -y después de consonante: cambia a -ied (study → studied).

2. Past Continuous

Fórmula: was/were + verbo terminado en -ing.

Uso: Se utiliza para describir acciones que estaban en progreso en un momento específico del pasado.

• Ejemplo: I was studying at 8 pm.

3. Relación: Past Continuous + Past Simple

• Past Continuous: Indica una acción larga que estaba en progreso.
• Past Simple: Indica una acción corta que interrumpe

Prepositions (Preposiciones)

• in: tiempo general (año, mes).
• at: tiempo exacto (hora).
• on: día o fecha.
• for: duración (por).
• to: movimiento (hacia, sin entrar).
• into: movimiento (entrando dentro).
• with: con.
• of: posesión o relación.

Relativos (Relative Pronouns)

• who: persona (sujeto o complemento).
• whom: persona (objeto; ¿a quién?).
• whose: posesión.
• which: cosas o animales.
• that: persona, cosa o animal (informal).

Gerundio e Infinitivo (Gerund and Infinitive)

Infinitivo (to + verb)

Uso: verbos de percepción (see, hear, touch), expresión de propósito, sujeto, detrás de adjetivos o adverbios, detrás de complemento directo cuando corresponde.

Verbos que suelen ir con infinitivo:

afford, agree, choose, decide, would, expect, forget, help, hope, afford,... Continuar leyendo "Gramática de inglés: preposiciones, relativos, gerundio, infinitivo, tiempos y estilo indirecto" »

Expedición y Exploración: Vocabulario Clave

• come across: encontrarse
• daring: atrevido/a
• depths: profundidades
• hazardous: peligroso
• peak: cima
• pioneer: ser el primero en hacer algo
• remains: restos
• risky: arriesgado / peligroso
• set off: salir / comenzar un viaje
• surface: superficie
• wonder: maravilla

Logros, Retos y Conceptos Relacionados

• accomplishment: logro
• carry on: continuar con
• challenge: reto
• deal with: afrontar / tratar con
• disease: enfermedad
• enable: hacer posible
• equipped: equipado
• insight: conocimiento / visión
• issue: problema / cuestión
• land: tierra firme
• lead to: causar / llevar a
• luxury: lujo
• on board: a bordo
• raised: elevado / criado
• raise awareness (of): crear conciencia (de)
• rely on: depender de
• the world over: por todo el mundo
• unexpected: inesperado
• worthwhile:

🔹 UNIT 7: Passive Voice & Causative Structures

✅ Passive Voice

• Use: When the doer of the action is unknown or unimportant.

• Form: be + past participle
  (The crime was reported by a witness.)

✅ Causative (Have/Get something done)

• Use: When someone else does the work for us.

• Form:

  • have + object + past participle
    (I had my car repaired.)

  • get + object + past participle (more informal)
    (She got her nails done.)

📌 TIP: Practice rewriting active sentences into passive and causative.

🔹 UNIT 8: Conditionals & Mixed Conditionals

✅ Zero Conditional: Facts

• If + present, present
  (If you heat

Dominando Gerundios e Infinitivos en Inglés

Este documento proporciona una referencia rápida y esencial sobre el uso de gerundios e infinitivos en inglés, junto con un vocabulario clave relacionado con la percepción, el engaño y expresiones idiomáticas comunes.

Uso de Gerundios (-ing Form)

• Detrás de algunos verbos: admit, avoid, consider, deny, detest, dislike, like, love, hate, enjoy, finish, miss, recommend, postpone, suggest, mind, imagine, keep, start, mean, regret.
• Al principio de la frase (como sujeto).
• Detrás de preposiciones.

Expresiones Comunes con Gerundios:

• can't stand (no soportar)
• that scratch (eso rasca/molesta)
• feel like (tener ganas de)
• insist on (insistir en)
• don't mind (no importar)
• look forward to (tener muchas ganas de)
• have

Suggestions to Improve Life in Gran Tarajal

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing in order to share several suggestions that could help improve the quality of life in Gran Tarajal and benefit both local residents and visitors.

Public Transport

To begin with, I believe that the public transport system should be improved. The limited number of buses and irregular schedules make it difficult for many people, especially students and elderly residents, to travel to nearby areas. More frequent and reliable services would be a great help.

Public Spaces

Moreover, it would be highly beneficial to take better care of public spaces, such as parks, squares, and the beach promenade. These areas often lack proper lighting and regular cleaning. Improving them would make... Continuar leyendo "Mejoras para Gran Tarajal: Transporte, Espacios Públicos e Instituto" »

– Eating In and Out / Modern Families

Tiempos Verbales

• Present Simple: Acciones habituales.
  Ej: I eat breakfast at 8 a.m.
• Present Continuous: Lo que ocurre ahora.
  Ej: She is studying English right now.
• Future con "will": Predicciones o decisiones espontáneas.
  Ej: It will rain tomorrow.
• Future con "going to": Planes con evidencia.
  Ej: I’m going to visit my uncle.
• Present Continuous con sentido de futuro: Para acciones agendadas.
  Ej: We are meeting at 6 p.m.

Vocabulario Clave

• bake
• boil
• fry
• delicious
• polite
• outgoing
• cousin
• aunt
• generous

Truco Rápido

✔ Usa will para decisiones rápidas, going to para planes y present continuous para cosas agendadas.

– Spending Money / Changing Lives

Tiempos Verbales

• Present Perfect: Experiencias sin especificar cuándo.
  Ej: I have

Model Opinion Essays for Intermediate English Learners (B1-B2)

Here you will find four well-structured model essays addressing common modern debate topics. Each text demonstrates the use of clear paragraph division, formal vocabulary, and appropriate linking devices.

1. Should Teenagers Open a Bank Account?

Introduction: Nowadays, many teenagers are encouraged to open a bank account to manage their personal finances. While some people think it is a positive step toward maturity, others believe it introduces too much responsibility too soon. In my opinion, having a bank account is very useful for young people, although it certainly comes with some potential risks.

Body:

On the one hand, opening a bank account teaches teenagers essential financial... Continuar leyendo "B1-B2 English Opinion Essays: Model Texts, Linking Words, and Common Topics" »

Michael Smith: A Michelin-Starred Chef from the Scottish Highlands

Radio Programme Comprehension:

• 1. b. The Three Witches
• 2. d. In his hometown
• 3. c. Yes, he spent four years in London
• 4. a. Shirley Spear offered Smith the opportunity to work at The Three Chimneys
• 5. c. Eleven years
• 6. a. Yes, because he was happy with his life on the isle
• 7. d. She thinks it is appreciated by local people
• 8. b. He likes to do the cooking and sees a Michelin star as the result of combining good products and a lively atmosphere

The Global Impact of K-pop

1. Its fans prefer K-pop concerts to online music.
2. K-pop substitutes boy and girl bands.
3. After watching some K-pop videos for entertainment.
4. All statements are correct.
5. K-pop draws attention to Asian people.
6. Asian artists are

Unit 1: Viatges i Turisme

• A clever move: un moviment intel·ligent
• Deal: acord / oferta
• Hooked: enganxat
• Tourist trap: parany per a turistes
• Aim: objectiu
• Dirt cheap: molt barat
• Hop on: pujar (a un vehicle)
• Toward: cap a
• Approach: acostar-se / enfocament
• Force: força / obligar
• Lifestyle: estil de vida
• Unspoilt: verge / no alterat
• At some point: en algun moment
• Freedom: llibertat
• Off season: temporada baixa
• Upcoming: proper / que ve
• Backpacker: viatger amb motxilla
• Fund: finançar / fons
• On the move: en moviment
• Wander: vagarejar
• Bargain: ganga / negociar
• Get around: moure's per (una ciutat, lloc...)
• Rate: tarifa / valorar
• Breathtaking: impressionant
• Get started: començar
• Set off: sortir / emprendre (un viatge)
• Youth hostel: alberg juvenil
• Bring about: provocar / ocasionar
• Go