Chuletas y apuntes de Inglés de Bachillerato y Selectividad

Vocabulary

acne – acné
bags under the eyes – ojeras
crow's feet – patas de gallo
wrinkles – arrugas
furrowed brow – ceño fruncido
fine lines – líneas finas
greying hair – canas
distort the truth – distorsionar la realidad
create the illusion – crear una ilusión
authentic – auténtico
misleading – engañoso
sensationalise – exagerar
fake – falso
genuine – genuino, honesto
airbrushed – retocado
manipulate – manipular
deceive – engañar
far-fetched – improbable
ill-advised – mala decisión
light-hearted – alegre
worldly-wise – experimentado
stony-faced – serio
wrinkle-free – sin arrugas

Grammar

Mixed Conditionals

Mixed type 1: if + past simple, would/wouldn't have + past participle

Used to speculate about permanent states...

Estructuras Esenciales para la Redacción en Inglés

Domina las técnicas de escritura formal y argumentativa con estas plantillas optimizadas para exámenes y comunicaciones profesionales.

Opinion Essay Structure

INTRODUCTION
Nowadays, ______________________________ (tema general / situación actual) and this has become a matter of considerable debate.
In my opinion / I firmly believe that ______________________________ (tu opinión clara) because ______________________________ (razón principal).

Body Paragraph 1 – First Argument

First of all / To begin with, ______________________________ (primer argumento que apoya tu opinión).
For instance / To illustrate this, ______________________________ (ejemplo concreto o situación).
This clearly shows...

Vocabulario de tecnología en inglés

Technology back up (hacer copia de seguridad): coding (de programación), crash (fallar), cybercrime (ciberdelito), delete (borrar), file (archivo), game controller, games console, hard drive (disco duro), install, log off (cerrar sesión).

noise-cancelling earbuds (auriculares con cancelación de ruido), screen time (tiempo de pantalla), VR headset.

Research verbs

adapt / alter / detect / determine / evaluate / experiment / indicate / modify

Prefixes

Disassemble (desmontar), disintegrate, e-book, e-reader (lector de libros electrónicos), e-waste (residuos electrónicos), microphone, microwave oven (microondas), rebuy, recycle, replace, repurpose (reutilizar), reset, reusable, upgrade (actualizar).

Adjectives

Vocabulario en inglés con traducción

Expresiones generales

Making the world of difference / Marcando la diferencia

turning point / Punto de inflexión

seeking ways to improve / Buscando maneras de mejorar

made improvements to / Mejoras en

influencing / Influencia

inspired / Inspiración

make advances in / Avances en

overcome these difficulties / Superación de estas dificultades

remarkable achievement / Logro notable

transform / Transformación

considerable / Considerable

dramatic / Dramático

far reaching / De gran alcance

refreshing / Refrescante

subtle / Sutil

unexpected / Inesperado

looks back on / Mira hacia atrás

stand up for / Defender

through / A través de

missing up / Fallar

but on / Pero

keep up / Mantenerse

down with / Abajo con

come up / Seguir

against...

Part 1: Reading Comprehension – Justice the Horse

True / False & Multiple Choice Questions

1.1 Statement: After finding Justice in very poor conditions, the horse was cured in the same stable he was being kept.
Answer: FALSE – "He was removed from the property and taken to an animal shelter for abused, neglected, and abandoned horses."

1.2 Statement: Justice recovered from his injuries and could live as before.
Answer: FALSE – "...because of his injuries he will need constant ongoing medical attention and special care."

1.3 Question: What condition was Justice in when he was rescued?
Answer: B) He was underweight, suffering from a skin infection, and had lice.

1.4 Question: Why is this lawsuit significant?
Answer: A) It is the first time an...

Vocabulario General y Expresiones Útiles

empowered (empoderada / con confianza), gender (género), assumed (asumido), banning (prohibición), sign up for (inscribirse / apuntarse a), significance (importancia), prestigious (prestigioso / reconocido), drop out (abandonar), set up (fundar / montar).

Síntomas y Malestares Físicos

• a bruise: un moretón
• a rash: una erupción / sarpullido
• blurred vision: visión borrosa
• feel dizzy: sentirse mareado
• indigestion: indigestión
• memory loss: pérdida de memoria
• shiver: temblar
• throw up: vomitar

Definiciones y Phrasal Verbs de Trabajo

• tackle a project: abordar un proyecto (attempt to deal with something new you're working on)
• exercise authority: ejercer autoridad (show that you can manage and control a situation

Migration

Have you ever thought about why many people decide to leave their home countries? Do you believe migration is a danger or a benefit for modern societies? Now let’s look at two different perspectives about migration. According to a recent survey carried out by El Mundo newspaper, the percentage of immigrants and refugees who have entered Spain has increased considerably over the last 20 years. This situation has generated a lot of debate, and migration has become one of the most important social issues nowadays.

People emigrate for different reasons:

• First of all, many people can’t get a job in their home country, and they want to improve their living conditions.
• Secondly, some people can’t access a good education or proper healthcare

Opinion and Advantages-Disadvantages Essay Templates

Template 1: Expressing a Personal Opinion

Paragraph 1: Introduction
To begin with, I would like to say that __this__ is a very interesting topic to talk about, because everyone has a different opinion about it and it is not easy to reach an agreement. Personally, I firmly believe __. (in my opinion__)

Paragraph 2: Main Ideas
In the first place, there is no doubt that __. However, from my point of view, it also __.
In addition to this, it is clear that __. Moreover (además), __.

Paragraph 3: Additional Points
In addition, __. / Another important thing to remember is __.

Paragraph 4: Conclusion
To conclude, I would say that __.

Useful Expressions

• There is no doubt that __ plays a big role in __.
• It cannot

Textos de comprensión lectora sobre mujeres pioneras

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1. Gertrude Bell

Ada wanted her brother to find a wife who could be a loving mother to Gertrude and Maurice.

2. So that Gertrude would learn manners and be successful in social life, since her aunts and stepmother thought she was too wild.

3. Because she was interested in politics and wanted to be involved in British foreign policy, not just domestic affairs.

4. Because it was essential for her to travel around the Middle East and gather information for the British government (her cover as an archaeologist).

5. To distract her after Henry Cadogan's death.

6. To be a fashionable woman, even while mountain climbing.

7. Because she felt free to go wherever she wanted without a chaperone and explored...

Vocabulary

VOCABULARY

bond – vínculo
sibling – hermano
push someone into – forzar
authority – autoridad
upbringing – crianza
unmarried – soltero
father-in-law – suegro
brother-in-law – cuñado
take after – parecerse
share one's problems – compartir
take issue with – discrepar
imitate – imitar
stick by – apoyar
gene – gen
unit – unidad
close-knit – unido
raise – criar
circle – círculo
attached to – apegado
keep one's word – cumplir

Reported Speech (Estilo Indirecto)

Cambios en los tiempos verbales

When the reporting verb is in the past, the verb tense usually changes.

• Present Simple becomes Past Simple: "I like chocolate." → She said she liked chocolate.
• Present Continuous becomes Past Continuous: "I am studying now." → He