Voz Pasiva, Condicionales y Vocabulario en Inglés: Tablas, Ejemplos y Reglas Clave

Voz Pasiva

Pasiva

Present simple → build(s) → is/are built

Present continuous → is/are building → is/are being built

Be going to → is/are going to build → is/are going to be built

Present perfect simple → has/have built → has/have been built

Past simple → built → was/were built

Past continuous → was/were building → was/were being built

Past perfect simple → had built → had been built

Future simple → will build → will be built

Future continuous → will be building → will be being built

Future perfect simple → will have built → will have been built

Modales en pasiva

Can be built · could be built · might have been built

Pasiva con reporting verbs

Believe, consider, think…

Si el verbo está en pasado: to have + participio pasado

Si el verbo está en presente: to + infinitivo

Siempre después de to va un infinitivo (como have).

Pasiva del have/get

I was having + lo que sea + tercera columna (participio).

Condicionales

First Conditional

Situaciones posibles o probables.

If + subject + present → subject + future / modal / imperativo

Second Conditional

Situaciones hipotéticas o improbables.

If + subject + past simple → subject + would/could + infinitivo

Third Conditional

Situaciones imposibles (en el pasado).

If + subject + had + participio → subject + would have + participio

Mixed Conditional

Acciones del pasado que afectan al presente.

If + subject + had + participio → would/could + infinitivo

Wishes

Acciones imposibles (presente): subject + wish/wishes + subject + past simple

Algo que quieres que pase: subject + wish/wishes + subject + would + infinitivo

Algo que no puedes cambiar (pasado): subject + wish/wishes + subject + had + participio

Vocabulario

Adjetivos y sus antónimos

painful → painless    curable → uncurable

hopeful → hopless    predictable → unpredictable

harmful → harmless    avoidable → unavoidable

Sustantivos y sus sufijos

appearance   departure (salida)   possession

pression   procedence   generosity

consumerism   dependence   preference

attraction   rigidity   professionalism

popularity   environmentalism   literature

Phrasal Verbs

Take back: devolver    Rip off: timar

Sign up: apuntarse    Clear out: liquidar un negocio

Pass on: regalar / transmitir    Use up: agotar

Give away: donar    Put off: disuadir

Fight off: luchar contra una enfermedad

Look after: cuidar algo o a alguien

Come round: recuperar la conciencia

Get over: recuperarse

Pass out: desmayarse / perder el conocimiento

Pick up: contraer una enfermedad