Pasado simple de los verbos did y didn't: gramática y vocabulario en inglés
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Resumen
Recopilación de gramática y vocabulario en inglés con explicaciones breves de estructuras como el pasado simple, would, had finished, los condicionales y el uso de going to o used to. Incluye también listas de sinónimos y palabras de vocabulario con su traducción al español.
Puntos clave
- La estructura so + auxiliar + sujeto se usa para expresar que alguien también hace lo mismo (So do I).
- Would solo se usa para acciones repetidas en el pasado.
- Had + participio se usa para una acción anterior a otra acción pasada.
- Structura del condicional de segundo tipo: If + past simple, + would + infinitivo.
- Fewer se usa con sustantivos contables y less con incontables.
- Didn't use to + infinitivo expresa un hábito pasado que ya no existe.
Grammar and Vocabulary
1. A: I enjoy working on challenging projects at work
B: So do I.
So + auxiliar (do/does/have/be/can) + sujeto
2. We could cook dinner. On the other hand, we could buy some take away food
"On the other hand" (Por otro lado) :"Therefore" (por lo tanto) :"Although" (aunque)
3. In those days, my father would never eat dinner after eight ó clock
"Would" solo se puede usar para acciones repetidas en el pasado. ε
4. He had finished cooking when we arrived
Para una acción que ocurríó antes que otra acción en el pasado.
5.If you were a better cook, you wouldn´t need to eat out all the time
If + past simple, + would + infinitivo.
6.There were fewer than fifty people in the audience last night
"Fewer" se usa con sustantivos contables
7. The childen had been playing football for two hours before it started raining
had been + verbo(-ing)
8. I wish wereit the time of year when I could go on holiday
I wish + sujeto + were...
9. We needn'thave caought the early train, as the football watch was delayed
Expresa que una acción pasada no era necesaria,
10. That man's so unreliable Frankly you can't trust him I wouldn't work with him
Los adverbios de opinión o actitud como "frankly", suelen ir al principio de la oración, separados por una coma.
11. Go to the end of the street and turn right
Se usa la preposición "to" para indicar movimiento hacia un lugar específico.
12. Would you like to go out this evening?
Would + you + like + to + infinitivo
13. I think it is right for children to play outside with toys
It is + adjective + for someone + to do something
14.How much does the train to Santiago cost?
Question word + does + sujeto (3ra persona) + verbo en infinitivo...?
15.The film starts at half past four
Se usa "at" para horas específicas.
16. He is single. He never marries
marries - Present Simple, tercera persona del singular con "never"
17. She reads every day but she isn’t serious
"But" (pero) se usa para contrastar dos ideas opuestas.
18. He lives in Cairo
He/She/It + verbo(-s)
19. William is living in South América now
am/is/are + verbo(-ing)
20. Excuse me, I’m lost. Could you help me?
"Could" expresa cortesía y posibilidad, perfecto para pedir un favor.
21.You have to do your homework by tomorrow
"Have to" expresa una obligación externa
22 I had a shower, then
I went to bed.
Se usa "then" para indicar una secuencia de acciones en el tiempo
23. I was going to work when I saw Steve
Sujeto + was/were + -ing + when + sujeto + past simple.
24. I didn't use to swim much, but now I have my own pool, I swim every day
didn't use to + verbo en infinitivo
25.I just heard they are going toget married in June
Going to" = planes e intenciones ya decididas
Big | Large |
study | read |
receive | get |
start | begin |
talk | speak |
pick | choose |
The cover with papaer or material is to | Wrap |
To improve or change is to | adjust |
To state or make public is to | announce |
To get somewhere is to | arrive |
Te put something together is to | assemble |
More and more people go abroad for their holidays these days | abroad |
Drivers need to remain alert when in charge of a car. | alert |
The city has many ancient and interesting buildings. | ancient |
She's a highly articulate person who explains things clearly. | articulate |
He's a very aggressive person – always getting into fights. | aggressive |
Timetable | Horario / cronograma | Schedule |
reward | recompensa / premio | prize |
queue | fila / cola | line |
phase | fase / etapa | stage |
error | error / equivocación | mistake |
Big | House |
aerobics | classes |
agriculture | minister |
aislé | seat |
apron | strings |
family | tree |
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¿Cómo se usa would en inglés para hablar del pasado?
Would se usa para acciones repetidas en el pasado, por ejemplo: In those days, my father would never eat dinner after eight o'clock. No se usa para estados o situaciones puntuales.
¿Cuándo se usa had finished?
Se usa el past perfect para una acción que ocurrió antes que otra acción en el pasado, como en He had finished cooking when we arrived.
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