Essential English Grammar Points
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Fundamental English Grammar Notes
Basic Verbs and Modals
- To Be: Ser/Estar
- To Have: Tener
- Can: Poder (ability)
- Must: Deber (obligation, strong deduction) + Base Verb
- May: Poder (permission, possibility)
Quantifiers
- Few / Many: Used with countable nouns
- Little / Much: Used with uncountable nouns
Time Prepositions (Since/For)
- Since: Used for a point in time (e.g., since 1970)
- For: Used for a duration (e.g., for 3 hours)
Determiners and Demonstratives
- Some: Used in affirmative sentences
- Any: Used in negative sentences and questions
- No: Used with a noun (e.g., I have no money)
- This: Este/Esta (singular, near)
- These: Estos/Estas (plural, near)
- That: Ese/Esa/Aquel/Aquella (singular, far)
- Those: Esos/Esas/Aquellos/Aquellas (plural, far)
Auxiliary Verbs (Do/Does/Did)
- Do