Voz Pasiva en Inglés: Todos los Tiempos Verbales, Causativa, Condicionales y Estilo Indirecto

Passive Voice - All Tenses

Present simple: They take the photos → The photos are taken

Present continuous: They are taking the photos → The photos are being taken

Present perfect: They have taken the photos → The photos have been taken

Past simple: They took the photos → The photos were taken

Past continuous: They were taking the photos → The photos were being taken

Past perfect: They had taken the photos → The photos had been taken

Future: They will take the photos → The photos will be taken

Be going to: They are going to take the photos → The photos are going to be taken

Future perfect: They will have taken the photos → The photos will have been taken

Infinitives and Gerunds

• Infinitive: to take → to be taken
• Perfect infinitive: to have taken → to have been taken
• Gerund: taking → being taken

Modals

He should receive a letter → A letter should be received by him.

Modal perfect: A letter should have been received by him.

Causative Form

• Present simple: He fixes his bike → He has his bike fixed.
• Present continuous: He is fixing his bike → He is having his bike fixed.
• Past simple: He fixed his bike → He had his bike fixed.
• Past continuous: He was fixing his bike → He was having his bike fixed.
• Future simple: He will fix his bike → He will have his bike fixed.
• Future continuous: He will be fixing his bike → He will be having his bike fixed.
• Present perfect: He has fixed his bike → He has had his bike fixed.
• Present perfect continuous: He has been fixing his bike → He has been having his bike fixed.
• Past perfect: He had fixed his bike → He had had his bike fixed.
• Past perfect continuous: He had been fixing his bike → He had been having his bike fixed.

Infinitive and -ing form: He should fix his bike → He should have his bike fixed. It's worth fixing his bike → It's worth having his bike fixed.

Conditionals

First Conditional

Structure: present simple + will / won't + verb

For example:

• If it rains, we will cancel the trip.
• If you study, you will pass the exam.

Second Conditional

Structure: past simple + would + verb

• If I won the lottery, I would travel a lot.
• If they sold their house, they would be rich.

Third Conditional

Structure: past perfect + would have + past participle

• If you had studied, you would have passed the exam.
• If I hadn't been sick, I would have gone to your party.

Mixed Third/Second

Structure: would / could / might + infinitive

• If I had been elected, I would be the president now.
• If I had won the lottery, I would be rich.

I might have a better job now if I hadn't dropped out of school.

Mixed Second/Third

Structure: would / could / might + have + past participle

• If I were a man, they would have given me the job.
• If I didn't have so much work, I would have gone to the party last night.
• I would have understood them if I spoke German.

Reported Speech

Changes in Tense

• Simple present → I am a carpenter. → He said that he was a carpenter. (Simple past)
• Present continuous → I'm working at the moment. → He said that he was working at that moment. (Past continuous)
• Simple past → I was there last year. → He said that he had been there the year before. (Past perfect simple)
• Past continuous → I was working when you came in. → He said that he had been working when I had come in. (Past perfect continuous)
• Past perfect simple → I had finished my homework when he came in. → He said that he had finished his homework when he had come in. (Past perfect simple)
• Past perfect continuous → I had been working for two hours when John showed up. → He said that he had been working for two hours when John had showed up. (Past perfect continuous)
• Present perfect → I have already done it. → He said that he had already done it. (Past perfect simple)
• Present perfect continuous → I have been working here for two years. → He said that he had been working there for two years. (Past perfect continuous)
• Future simple → I will finish tomorrow. → He said that he would finish the next day. (Would)
• Future perfect → By next month, I will have finished my book. → He said that by the following month he would have finished his book. (Would have)
• Present passive → The book is written in English. → He said that that book was written in English. (Past passive)
• Present passive continuous → Many shops are being opened in the city centre. → He said that many shops were being opened in the city centre. (Past passive continuous)

Reported Questions

• Do you like...? → He asked me if I liked...
• Will you come...? → He asked me if I would come...
• Are you feeling...? → He asked me if I was feeling...
• Did you do...? → He asked me if I had done...
• Have you finished...? → He asked me if I had finished...
• Were you there last...? → He asked me if I had been there last...
• What are you doing? → He asked me what I was doing.
• Where are you going? → He asked me where I was going.
• Who are you here with? → He asked me who I was there with.
• When are you leaving? → He asked me when I was leaving.
• How are you going to do it? → He asked me how I was going to do it.

Time Expressions

• today → that day
• tomorrow → the next day / the following day
• now → at that moment / then
• at the moment → at that moment / at that time
• present, current → existing, current
• in one hour → one hour later
• last week, last night → the week before / the night before
• next year, next month → the following year, the following month
• yesterday → the day before
• this evening → that evening
• ...days ago → ...days before
• tonight → that night
• in two weeks' time → two weeks later