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Vocabulario de Inglés Médico: Partes del Cuerpo, Medicamentos y Síntomas

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Vocabulario de Inglés Médico

1. Partes del cuerpo

Brazo, mano y pierna

  • Arm (brazo), Elbow (codo), Wrist (muñeca), Armpit (axila)
  • Hand (mano): Finger (dedo), Fingernail (uña), Knuckle (nudillo), Little finger / Pinkie (meñique), Middle finger (dedo medio), Palm (palma), Thumb (pulgar), Ring finger (anular)
  • Leg (pierna): Bottom (trasero), Buttocks (nalgas), Calf (pantorrilla), Knee (rodilla), Thigh (muslo), Hip (cadera), Groin (ingle)
  • Foot (pie): Ankle (tobillo), Arch (arco del pie), Sole (planta), Big toe (dedo gordo), Heel (talón), Toes (dedos del pie)

Tronco

  • Torso: Armpit (axila), Back (espalda), Breast (pecho), Chest (tórax), Navel (ombligo), Nipple (pezón), Shoulder (hombro), Shoulder blade (omóplato), Stomach (estómago), Belly (vientre), Waist (cintura)

Cabeza y cuello

  • Head (cabeza): Adam's apple (nuez), Chin (barbilla), Ear (oreja), Eye (ojo), Eyebrow (ceja), Eyelash (pestaña), Eyelid (párpado), Forehead (frente), Iris (iris), Jaw (mandíbula), Lips (labios), Neck (cuello), Nose (nariz), Pupil (pupila), Temple (sien), Throat (garganta)

2. Definiciones de partes del cuerpo

  • Forehead (frente): part of the face between the eyebrows and the hairline.
  • Chin (barbilla): protuberance of the jaw.
  • Hand (mano): part at the end of the human arm.
  • Nose (nariz): sense organ of smell.
  • Eye (ojo): organ of sight.
  • Ear (oreja): external organ of hearing.
  • Knee (rodilla): joint between the thigh and the lower leg.
  • Toe (dedo del pie): digit of the foot.
  • Temple (sien): part of the head between the eye and the top of the ear.

3. Medicamentos y fármacos

  • A painkiller: calmante. Relieves pain.
  • A sedative: sedante. Makes the patient calm or sleepy.
  • An anti-inflammatory: antiinflamatorio. Reduces swelling.
  • An inoculation / a vaccine: vacuna. Protects against infection.
  • An antibiotic: antibiótico. Kills bacteria.
  • An antihistamine: antihistamínico. Treats allergies.
  • A stimulant: estimulante. Increases activity.
  • An antidepressant: antidepresivo. Reduces feelings of depression.
  • A laxative: laxante. Encourages bowel movements.
  • A supplement: suplemento. Provides nutrients.

4. Síntomas

Signos y síntomas comunes

  • Lack of coordination (falta de coordinación)
  • Violent shivering (temblor violento)
  • Slurred speech (habla arrastrada)
  • Irrational speech (habla irracional)
  • Inability to walk (incapacidad para caminar)
  • Rigid muscles (músculos rígidos)
  • Shallow breathing (respiración superficial)
  • Pale skin (piel pálida)
  • Falling pulse rate (descenso del pulso)

Términos psiquiátricos y de comportamiento

  • Posture: way of standing.
  • Unemotional: not showing emotion.
  • Hallucinations: occasions when you see or hear things that are not there.
  • Manic: behaving in a very excited or uncontrolled way.
  • Paranoia: the false belief that others are against you.
  • Disoriented: not sure where you are.
  • Delusions: strange and false ideas.
  • Irrational: not logical, not making sense.
  • Depression: feelings of extreme sadness.

5. Signos vitales

  • Temperature: 38.5 ºC
  • Blood pressure: 150/90
  • Heart rate: 120 BPM
  • Respiration: 18 bpm

6. Gramática: tiempos verbales y expresiones clave

Corrección de frases:

  • We have finished the assessment.
  • The doctor has seen the patient.
  • I started working.
  • She has given ...
  • I wrote three ...
  • But he hasn't replied.
  • I studied until ...
  • The patient has attended the clinic.
  • The patient has been in hospital.
  • Have you ever had ...?

7. Componentes de la sangre

  • Red blood cells: transport oxygen. Contain the amount of haemoglobin.
  • White blood cells: protect the body against infection.
  • Platelets: help the blood clot.

8. Sistemas del cuerpo humano

  • Circulatory: the blood and the heart.
  • Digestive: mouth, pharynx, stomach, intestines.
  • Endocrine: thyroid gland, parathyroid gland.
  • Integumentary: skin, hair, nails.
  • Muscular: muscles.
  • Nervous: central nervous system.
  • Reproductive: female: ovaries.
  • Respiratory: upper airway.
  • Skeletal: bones of the skeleton.
  • Urinary: kidneys, bladder.

9. Procedimientos de laboratorio

  • Use a syringe to take blood from the patient's vein.
  • Put it into a test tube.
  • Use a pipette to put a drop onto a slide.
  • Examine it under a microscope.

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