Vocabulario en inglés: idioms, phrasal verbs y collocations por unidades

Unit 1

Idioms connected with ideas

1- A flash of inspiration → Un destello de inspiración

2- Capture people's imagination → Capturar la imaginación de la gente

3- Follow a train of thought → Seguir una línea de pensamiento

4- Think on your feet → Pensar rápido / improvisar

5- Think out loud → Pensar en voz alta

6- Think outside the box → Pensar fuera de lo común

Copying

1- Actual → Actual

2- Counterfeit → Falso

3- Genuine → Auténtico

4- Original → Original

5- Pretend → Fingir

6- Replica → Réplica

7- Resemble → Parecerse

8- Similarity → Similitud

Unit 2

Reading text vocabulary

1- Come about → Suceder

2- Come to light → Salir a la luz

3- Discomfort → Malestar

4- Distinguish → Diferenciar

5- Make out → Distinguir / entender

6- Mutation → Mutación

7- Personal hygiene → Higiene personal

8- Pick up → Recoger

9- Treatment → Tratamiento

10- Widespread → Extendido

Transitive phrasal verbs

1- Bring up → Sacar el tema de

2- Go over → Revisar

3- Hook up → Conectar

4- Look at → Fijarse en

5- Plug in → Enchufar / conectar

6- Rely on → Depender de

7- Show off → Presumir

8- Take after → Parecerse a

9- Take away → Quitar

10- Take in → Asimilar / entender

Unit 3

Aim higher: Collocations with change

1- Considerable change → Cambio considerable: large and noticeable change

2- Dramatic change → Cambio drástico: sudden and surprising change

3- Far-reaching change → Cambio de gran alcance: change that affects many people in an important way

4- Refreshing change → Cambio refrescante: different and exciting change

5- Subtle change → Cambio sutil: change people would hardly notice

6- Unexpected change → Cambio inesperado: change we did not expect

Reading text vocabulary

1- City-dwelling (habitante) → Person or animal that lives in an urban setting

2- Complex (complicado) → Complicated or difficult to understand

3- Doorstep (peldaño) → Small step outside a house or building

4- Expand (expandir) → Become larger in size and fill more space

5- Go through (pasar por) → Search something carefully

6- Move into (mudarse a) → Start living in a place

7- Surroundings (alrededores) → Things and conditions that surround a thing or person

8- Take over (encargarse de) → Take control of something

9- Thrive (prosperar) → Become very successful, happy or healthy

10- Turn out (resultar) → Have a particular result

11- Under the radar (desapercibido) → Keep a low profile, remain unnoticed

Unit 4

Society

1- Ageing population (población envejecida) → People living in a particular area who are becoming old

2- A tiny minority (una minoría pequeña) → Small number of people that are part of a large group but different

3- Be made homeless (quedarse sin hogar) → Find yourself in a situation in which you are without a place to live

4- End poverty (acabar con la pobreza) → Stop a situation when people don't have enough money to pay for basic needs

5- Individual privacy (privacidad individual) → Personal freedom to do things without other people knowing

6- Life expectancy (esperanza de vida) → Length of time that someone is likely to live

7- Own your own property (tener tu propia propiedad) → Possess land and buildings on it

8- Population growth (crecimiento de la población) → Increase in the number of people living in a particular area

9- Protect your identity (proteger tu identidad) → Keep who you are and your name safe from harm or loss

10- Senior citizens (personas mayores) → People who are more than 65 years old

Positive adjectives

1- Affordable (económico) → Cheap for ordinary people

2- Appealing (atractivo) → Attractive, interesting

3- Convenient (conveniente) → Easy to use and suitable for a specific purpose

4- Efficient (eficiente) → Working well and with good results

5- Effortless (sin esfuerzo) → Done well without hard work

6- First-rate (excelente) → Of the highest quality

7- Standard (estándar) → Normal quality

8- Unbeatable (imbatible) → Best among the same type

9- Well-established (solidamente establecido) → Existed and accepted or successful for a long time

10- Worthwhile (que vale la pena) → Worth the time, money, effort

Unit 5

Money

1- Allowance (asignación) → An amount of money you receive regularly to buy the things you need

2- Balance (saldo) → The amount of money you have in your bank account

3- Begging (pedir limosna) → Asking people for money or food, usually because you are very poor

4- Debit card (tarjeta de débito) → A plastic card given by a bank that you use for paying for things

5- Donate (donar) → Give money or goods to an organisation, especially a charity

6- Fortune (fortuna) → A very large amount of money

7- Income (ingresos) → Money that you receive, usually from working

8- Live on (mantenerse con) → Have enough money to buy the things that you need to live

9- Repay debt (pagar la deuda) → Give someone money that you have borrowed from them

10- Savings (ahorros) → Money that you have kept so that you can use it later

11- Small change (cambio pequeño) → Coins of low value

12- Wealthy (rico) → Having a large amount of money, land and other valuable things

Prepositions with pay

1- Pay (for something) with (a credit card / cash)

2- Pay by (card)

3- Pay (a bill)

4- Pay for (lunch)

5- Pay in (euros)

Aim higher: Money phrasal verbs

1- Break into (asaltar) → Start to use an amount of money

2- Come into (heredar) → Receive money when someone dies

3- Get by (sobrevivir con) → Manage to pay for the things you need

4- Put aside (apartar) → Save some money to pay for something later

5- Run up (acumular) → Get into debt and allow the amount to increase

6- Take out (sacar) → Get some money from a bank

Time

1- Timing (momento oportuno) → The date or time when something happens or is planned to happen

2- Buy (some) time → Do something that allows you to have more time to finish something

3- Deadline (fecha límite) → A specific time or date by which you have to do something

4- Get down to (ponerse a) → Start doing something seriously or with a lot of effort

5- Held up (retrasado) → Late or delayed

6- On hold (en espera) → Stopped from happening now; postponed until later

7- On schedule (a tiempo) → Not early or late; on time

8- Overdue (atrasado) → Later than planned; delayed

9- Put off (posponer) → Change the time or date of something so that it happens later than planned

10- Queue (fila) → Wait for something in a queue

11- Reschedule (reprogramar) → Change the time when something is planned to happen

12- Lateness (retraso) → Arriving or happening after the planned time

Unit 6

Making choices

1- A wise decision → Una elección sensata

2- Be faced with → Tener que enfrentarse a

3- Feel uncertain about → No estar seguro de

4- Give priority to → Prestar más atención a

5- Have the freedom to choose → Tener la libertad de elegir

6- Lose out → No obtener el beneficio que otro sí obtiene

7- Reach a decision → Tomar una decisión

8- Settle on → Decidirse por

9- Struggle → Tener dificultades

10- Take (his) advice → Seguir su consejo

11- Think over → Considerar cuidadosamente

12- Weigh up → Sopesar

Reading text vocabulary

1- Account → Informe o descripción

2- Current → Actual

3- Get a foot in the door → Conseguir entrar en una organización, lo que abrirá oportunidades futuras

4- Hands-on → Práctico, que implica hacer algo en lugar de observar a otros

5- Invest → Invertir dinero, tiempo o esfuerzo con un propósito concreto

6- On the look-out → Estar atento para encontrar algo o a alguien

7- Pick up → Aprender algo nuevo

8- Put off → Desanimar a alguien para que no quiera hacer algo

9- Result in → Causar o producir algo

10- Suit → Ser apropiado para alguien

Employment

1- A career path → Dirección del desarrollo profesional

2- A growing industry → Un sector cada vez más importante

3- A pension plan → Cuenta de ahorro para la jubilación

4- A reference letter → Recomendación por escrito

5- A starting salary → Salario anual al incorporarse a una empresa

6- A vacant position → Oportunidad laboral disponible

7- Be made redundant → Perder el empleo porque el empleador ya no lo necesita

8- Be self-employed → Trabajar por cuenta propia

9- Get a promotion → Alcanzar un puesto o rango más alto o importante

10- Health insurance → Seguro médico privado

11- Perks of the job → Beneficios de trabajar

12- Work overtime → Trabajar horas extra después de la jornada habitual