Presupuesto de capital y gestión financiera: conceptos clave para empresas

Presupuesto de capital

Presupuesto de capital: proceso de planificación y gestión de las inversiones a largo plazo.

Estructura de capital: representa las proporciones del financiamiento de la empresa provenientes de la deuda a corto y largo plazo y del capital propio.

Capital de trabajo

Capital de trabajo neto: se define como los activos corrientes menos los pasivos corrientes. Desde una perspectiva financiera, los problemas de flujo de efectivo a corto plazo surgen del desajuste entre ambos.

Formas de organización empresarial

La empresa corporativa

La empresa corporativa es una forma de organizar la actividad económica de muchas personas y es el método estándar para resolver los problemas que se presentan al reunir grandes cantidades de efectivo.

Propietario único

) is a business owned by one person. > factores importantes The sole proprietorship is the cheapest business to form. >The sole proprietorship has unlimited liability for business debts and obligations.

the partnership(LA ASOCIACION) Any two or more people can get together and form a partnership.> into two categories general partnership – limited p.> In a general partnership all partners agree to provide some part of the work and cash and to share profits> each partner is liable for al lof the debts of the parnetship

the corporate : company created as a specific legal entity that is composed of 

one or more individuals or entities

The articles of incorporation must include the following los artículos de incorporación deben incluir lo siguente

•Name of the corporation.

•Intended life of the corporation (it may be forever).

•Business purpose.

Nature of the rights granted to shareholders.

•Number of members of the initial board of directors.

La importancia de tener dinero en efectivo

Is to créate value from firms capital budgeting ,financial, and net working capital activity

Como crean los administradores financiamientos >try buy assets that generate more cash that they cost

Seel bonds and shocks and other financial instrument that raise more cash than they cost

The goal of financial management is to make money or add value for the owners ,because it leads to an objetive basis for making and evaluating financial decisions

Posible goals

Survive

Beat the competition

Maximize profits

Minimize cost