Present Perfect en Inglés: Reglas, Ejemplos y Verbos Irregulares

1. What is the Past Participle?

The past participle is a verb form used to form the perfect tenses and the passive voice.

When do we use Present Perfect?

The Present Perfect is used to talk about actions that started in the past and continue into the present.

When do we use "Ever"?

We use "ever" to ask about experiences at any time in someone's life.

When do we use "Just"?

We use "just" to talk about very recent events.

2. Travel Vocabulary in Context

1. At the airport, Lisa opened her wallet and changed her cash into the local currency so she could pay for transportation.
Exchange money

• When they arrived at the jungle reserve, the family paid an expert to walk them through the protected area.
  Hire a guide
• As soon as she heard the news about the conference, Mia started putting her outfits and documents into her luggage.
  Pack a suitcase
• For the school competition, the students slept and ate breakfast in a building near the stadium.
  Stay in a hotel
• Ana filled out some forms and took her photo because she needed the official document to travel internationally.
  Get a passport

2. I need to book a flight to Madrid before the prices go up.

• You should go to the bank to exchange money when you arrive in another country.
• Before you apply for the visa, you must get a passport first.
• We decided to hire a guide to explore the ancient ruins.
• We will stay in a hotel near the beach during our vacation.

3. Phrasal Verbs with "Get"

Get hot: To become warm or overheated
Get hungry: To start feeling the need to eat
Get lost: To not know where you are
Get ready: To prepare yourself
Get started: To begin something
Get there: To arrive at a place
Get thirsty: To start feeling the need to drink
Get up: To rise from bed

4. Examples

4. Whenever I get thirsty, I drink a big glass of water.

• I don't like the summer because I get hot very easily.
• My parents don't let my little brother walk home from school because they are afraid he will get lost.

5. Irregular Verbs: Past Simple and Past Participle

VERB – Past Simple – Past Participle

• Fall – fell – fallen
• Be – was/were – been
• Eat – ate – eaten
• Have – had – had
• Drink – drank – drunk
• Go – went – gone
• Break – broke – broken
• Do – did – done
• Buy – bought – bought
• Build – built – built
• Cut – cut – cut
• Come – came – come
• Say – said – said
• See – saw – seen
• Take – took – taken
• Write – wrote – written

6. Present Perfect Structure

Affirmative

• I have traveled to five different continents.
• She has won the swimming competition.
• We have seen that movie three times.
• The cat has eaten all the food.
• My parents have lived in this city since 2005.
• They have finished their homework already.
• He has bought a new car.

Negative

• I haven't tried octopus before.
• She hasn't called me back yet.
• We have not been to the museum this year.
• The printer hasn't worked since yesterday.
• My sister hasn't visited the new mall.
• They have not studied for the final exam.
• He hasn't done the dishes.

7. Present Perfect in Use

• I have never tried Indian food before.
• He has just finished his homework.
• Have you ever been to London?

8. Grammar Check

Which sentence is written correctly?

• b) She has never eaten sushi.

Which sentence is written correctly?

• a) They have already finished the project. (auxiliar + already + participio pasado)

Which sentence is written correctly?

• b) I haven't done the homework yet.

9. Reading Practice

1. I have already left my house…

I have already left my house this morning, but I had to return immediately because I forgot my presentation notes. Since then, I haven't been able to leave. My neighbor, Mr. Jones, has been working on his roof all day, and I've been waiting for him to finish so I can take my car out of the driveway. He has finally started packing up his tools, so I think I'll be able to get to my meeting on time after all.

2. She hasn't started her project…

She hasn't started her project yet, which is a big problem because the deadline is tomorrow. She has been very busy with her other classes this week and hasn't had a chance to focus. Her friend, Tom, has offered to help her with the research, but she still hasn't decided on a topic. I hope she starts soon; otherwise, she'll have to pull an all-nighter.

3. They have broken…

They have broken the biggest glass vase in the living room! The children were playing indoors, and even though I told them a thousand times to be careful, they have knocked it over. Fortunately, no one has been hurt, but my favorite piece of furniture has been completely ruined. I have already cleaned up the pieces and now I have to decide what to do with the empty space.