Martin Lutero y la Reforma Protestante: Las 95 Tesis que Cambiaron el Mundo

Martin Lutero y la Reforma Protestante

Nail-clavo: to fasten with a thin, pointed piece of metal-attach

Thesis-tesis: a proposition for consideration or discussion-idea, theory

Indulgence-indulgencia: a full or partial pardon of temporary punishment for sins

Excessive-excesivo: being more than the usual or necessary amount-extreme

Devotion-devoción: an act of religious observance or attachment-dedication

Rebellious-rebelde: defying or resisting control, authority or tradition

Initially-inicialmente: at first or at the beginning

Reformer-reformador: a person whose actions cause a change or correct a thing or situation

Monk-monje: a person who is a member of a brotherhood that practices religious

Denomination: a religion group that has the same faith as other religious groups but slightly different beliefs

Opposition: a person or group that has an opposite view of an idea, discussion, or debate

Theology-teología: a study for the influences, nature, and truth of a religion

Endorse-dar la autorización: to allow, permit, authorize

Have a little to do with-tener poca conexión: to not be related or similar to

Defend-defender: to support or argue an opinion of belief against opposition to prove its validity

Proliferate-multiplicarse: to grow or multiply at a rapid speed

Dominate-dominar: to highly control or influence

Motivate-motivar: to provide a reason, stimulation, or purpose toward an action

Ejemplos de uso

The monk walked back to the monastery after a morning walk.

According to legal procedure, the death sentence needs to be endorsed by parliament before being sent to the president for the final assent.

Many people hope that President Obama will be the reformer to make changes necessary to benefit.

The pastor's devotion to Christ was unmistakable.

In the Middle Ages, the unrestricted sale of indulgences

The church community began to proliferate once people found out that more Bible study

His guitar designs from the 1960s continue to dominate sales in the music industry.

Because the hose was condemned, doors were nailed shut.

If a cut causes excessive bleeding, you may need stitches.

Having a strong, clear thesis statement is the key to making the reader understand your point.

Sinónimos y expresiones

Justify - defend - argue

Defiant - disobedient - rebellious - antagonist

Have a little connection with - have a little to do with - don't agree with

Pope - papa: the bishop of Rome as head of the Roman Catholic Church

Purgatory: according to Catholic doctrine, a place between where souls go to be purified and to repay the debt of temporal punishment for sins which have been forgiven

Protestantism: a religion that resulted from the Reformation

Polemic: inclined to engage in argument or disputation

El inicio de la Reforma

On October 31st, 1517, Martin Luther nailed the 95 theses to the door of the Wittenberg Castle Church in Saxony. The 95 theses were points that criticized the Catholic Church and the Pope. The most controversial points centered on the practice of selling indulgences for sins committed and the policy of the Church on purgatory. They also criticized the practice of excessive devotion to the Virgin Mary and the authority of the Pope. This call for change was the beginning of the Reformation started by Martin Luther.

What kind of person was Martin Luther to start such a rebellious break-up of the Catholic Church? Martin Luther stands out in history as one of those unique individuals who fundamentally changed the world with their ideas. Luther initially saw himself as a reformer of the Catholic Church and as a simple monk, who thought his ideas would fix the problems of the church. But instead of reforming the Catholic Church, those good intentions divided Christianity into Catholicism and Protestantism. Protestantism would further divide over the next four centuries into thousands of separate denominations. Additionally, Luther viewed his reforms as a way to return Christianity to its earlier roots, but, in reality, his ideas changed the world of religion and divided the Christian religion.

La personalidad y el pensamiento de Luther

Luther was ill-tempered, self-centered, and polemic. But his self-confidence, focus and strong belief in the power of his ideas allowed him to stand against all opposition. When he became a monk in 1505, it was a disappointment to his father, who wanted him to become a lawyer. He earned a doctorate in theology, but instead of settling down to a peaceful life as a monk or professor, he began to develop his own personal theology. His thinking turned into a complete rebellion when he protested the use of indulgences in the 95 theses. Indulgences, which were granted and endorsed by the Pope, did not forgive individual sinners for their sins but, instead, relieved them from the punishments for those sins. According to Catholic belief, a sinner could earn an indulgence by caring for the sick or feeding the poor. The 95 theses of Luther argued against the use of indulgences, based on the idea that Christianity was about the inner world of human beings and had little to do with the outer world, such as punishments. The Catholic Church disapproved of this argument and forced Luther to appear in court in 1518 to defend his ideas. The result of the trial was the break-up from the church of many of Luther's followers. The Reformation eventually proliferated to other European countries and soon dominated Northern Europe.

La Reforma en Europa

But Spain and Italy remained resistant to Protestantism and became centers of the Counter-Reformation. In England, the Reformation was motivated more by political reasons, provoked by the Pope's refusal to grant Henry VIII a divorce, rather than religious ones. Martin Luther could never have predicted how the actions of October 31st, 1517 would transform the world forever. Today, many different branches of Protestantism exist in almost every country.