Inglés Básico: Oraciones Condicionales, Conectores, Voz Pasiva y Estilo Indirecto con Ejemplos

Oraciones Condicionales (First Conditional)

Ej.1: You'll pass the English exam IF you study
Ej.2: I will stay at home IF it rains

Ej.1: IF you study, you'll pass the English exam
Ej.2: IF it rains, I will stay at home
Ej.3: IF you go to school, you will make new friends

Ej.1: You'll pass the English exam IF you study
Ej.2: I will stay at home IF it rains
Ej.3: You will make new friends IF you go to school

Ej.1: IF you study, you will pass the English exam
Ej.2: IF it rains, I will stay at home
Ej.3: IF you go to school, you will make new friends

Expresar Opinión

En mi opinión: In my opinion, + clause
In my opinion, smoking is bad for us

Pienso que: I think (that) + clause
I think (that) Susan is very beautiful

Creo que: I believe (that) + clause
I believe (that) the Internet is great

Desde mi punto de vista: From my point of view, + clause
From my point of view, smoking is very bad for our health

Acuerdo y Desacuerdo

Estoy de acuerdo: I agree with you / with Susan
No estoy de acuerdo: I don't agree with him / with my brother

Yo también (afirmativo)

So do I (I believe it too)
I believe (that) the Internet is great
So do I

So am I
I am very happy today
So am I

Yo tampoco (negativo)

Neither do I (I don't believe it either)
I don't think (that) she is beautiful
Neither do I

Neither am I
I am not a fan of Real Madrid
Neither am I

Conectores

O: or + clause
Do you want tea or coffee?

Pero: but + clause
She asked for my e-mail but I didn't give it to her

Aunque: Although + clause
Although I fancy you, I'm going out

A pesar de: Despite + noun
Despite his interest, I didn't give him my mobile number

A diferencia de: As opposed to + noun
As opposed to my sister, I don't smoke

En lugar de: instead of + noun
I want tea instead of coffee

Por una parte / Por otra parte:
On the one hand...
On the other hand...
On the one hand, she's very intelligent
On the other hand, she's very lazy

Pronombres Personales

Sujeto y Objeto

I – ME
YOU – YOU
HE, SHE, IT – HIM, HER, IT
WE – US
THEY – THEM

Voz Pasiva

People in Sheffield make knives → Knives are made in Sheffield
People in Scotland make whisky → Whisky is made in Scotland
Someone in Dublin makes black beer → Black beer is made in Dublin

Vocabulario: Inglés Británico vs. Americano

biscuit – cookie
toilet – restroom
flat – apartment
lorry – truck
lift – elevator
autumn – fall

Ejercicios: Conectores

1. We played football although it was raining.

2. We played football despite the rain.

3. We played football instead of tennis.

4. They didn't divorce despite their problems.

5. We bought the house although it was very expensive.

6. I want water instead of milk in my tea, please.

7. I phoned Susan but she didn't come. Lucy came instead of her.

8. She failed the exam although she studied a lot.

9. I went to the school trip despite my age.

10. I didn't buy that dress although I liked it a lot.

Ejercicios: Wish (Deseos)

1. HAVE – I wish I (had) babies.

2. SLEEP – I am very tired. I wish I (slept) well at night.

3. BE – I want to play basketball. I wish (was / were) taller.

4. NOT BE – I want to play basketball. I wish I (wasn't / weren't) so short.

5. NOT HAVE – I have many problems. I wish I (didn't have) so many.

Voz Activa y Pasiva

Voz activa: Michael wrote the book
Voz pasiva: The book was written by Michael

Completa con la forma pasiva

1. Television was invented (invent) in 1926.

2. The big prize in Who wants to be a millionaire was won yesterday.

3. My favourite TV programme is shown (show) on Mondays.

4. In Spain, children are given (give) free education.

5. Green is made (make) with blue and yellow.

6. MTV (Music Television) is watched (watch) in more than 40 countries in the 1990s.

Tiempos verbales en pasiva

1. Scotch whisky is exported all over the world. [PRESENT SIMPLE]

2. One day all music will be sold on the Internet. [FUTURE WITH WILL]

3. A lot of money is needed to buy a house these days. [PRESENT SIMPLE]

4. The telephone was invented by A. Graham Bell. [PAST SIMPLE]

5. This school was built last year. [PAST SIMPLE]

6. She will be operated on next month. [FUTURE WITH WILL]

Expresiones de Tiempo y Lugar (Estilo Indirecto)

1. today – that day
2. tomorrow – the next day
3. this – that
4. here – there
5. now – then
6. tonight – that night
7. last week – the previous week
8. next year – the following year

Pronombres en Estilo Indirecto

They want to see me but I don't want to see THEM

We want to see them but THEY don't want to see US

He wants to see us but WE don't want to see HIM

I want to see her but SHE doesn't want to see ME

You want to see him but HE doesn't want to see YOU

Ejercicios: Voz Pasiva (Completar)

1. caused (cause)
2. was damaged (damage)
3. will be repaired (repair)
4. is covered (cover)
5. was written (write)
6. are grown (grow)
7. was introduced (introduce)
8. was stolen (steal)
9. isn't used (not / use)
10. Was Australia discovered? (Australia / discover)
11. was built (build)

Ejercicios: Estilo Indirecto (Reported Speech)

1. Mark said that he had a match that day.

2. Rita said that she wouldn't help me with my project the next day.

3. Jack said that his mother was cooking at that moment.

4. Helen said that her husband and she had been there the previous weekend.

5. David said that they didn't like that film.

6. Sharon said that she was living in London then.