Dominio de Direcciones, Verbos y Preposiciones en Inglés

1. Giving Directions (Dar direcciones)

Se usa para explicar cómo llegar a un lugar.

• Go straight = seguí derecho
• Turn left = doblá a la izquierda
• Turn right = doblá a la derecha
• Cross the street = cruzá la calle
• Next to = al lado de
• Between = entre
• In front of = enfrente de
• Behind = detrás de
• On the corner = en la esquina

Preguntas comunes:

• Where is the bank? (¿Dónde está el banco?)
• How can I get to the hospital? (¿Cómo puedo llegar al hospital?)

Ejemplos:

• Go straight and turn left. (Seguí derecho y doblá a la izquierda.)
• The bank is next to the supermarket. (El banco está al lado del supermercado.)
• The school is between the hospital and the park. (La escuela está entre el hospital y el parque.)

2. Verb + To + Infinitive

Estructura: Verbo + to + otro verbo en infinitivo.

Verbos comunes: want (querer), need (necesitar), like (gustar), love (amar/encantar), hope (esperar), decide (decidir).

Ejemplos:

• Want to eat / I want to sleep. (Quiero dormir.)
• Need to study / She needs to study. (Ella necesita estudiar.)
• Like to dance / They like to play soccer. (A ellos les gusta jugar fútbol.)

3. Prepositions of Place and Movement

A) Place (Lugar) - Dicen DÓNDE está algo

• In = dentro de
• On = sobre
• Under = debajo de
• Behind = detrás
• Next to = al lado de
• Between = entre
• In front of = delante de

Ejemplos: The cat is under the table. / The book is on the desk. / The school is next to the bank.

B) Movement (Movimiento) - Indican dirección o trayectoria

• To = hacia
• Into = hacia adentro
• Out of = hacia afuera
• Through = a través de / por dentro de
• Along = a lo largo de
• Around = alrededor de
• Across = cruzando
• Over = por encima de
• Under = por debajo de
• Up = hacia arriba / Down = hacia abajo
• Past = pasando por al lado de

Ejemplos de preguntas y respuestas de movimiento:

• TO: Where is she going? → She is going to school.
• INTO: Where did the cat go? → The cat went into the house.
• OUT OF: Where is the boy coming from? → He is coming out of the room.
• THROUGH: How did they get to the park? → They walked through the tunnel.
• ACROSS: How did she cross the street? → She walked across the street.
• OVER: What did the bird fly over? → The bird flew over the trees.
• UNDER: Where did the dog run? → The dog ran under the table.
• UP: Where is he running? → He is running up the hill.
• DOWN: Where is the girl going? → She is walking down the stairs.
• ALONG: Where did they walk? → They walked along the beach.
• AROUND: What is the child doing? → The child is running around the park.
• PAST: Where did the car go? → The car drove past the supermarket.

4. Imperatives (Imperativos)

Son órdenes, instrucciones o consejos. El verbo va solo, sin "to".

Afirmativos:

• Sit down. (Sentate.)
• Open the door. (Abrí la puerta.)
• Study for the test. (Estudiá para la prueba.)
• Turn left. (Doblá a la izquierda.)

Negativos (Se usa Don't):

• Don’t run. (No corras.)
• Don’t talk. (No hables.)

Nota: to study (infinitivo) vs. Study! (orden)

Vocabulario: Places (Lugares)

• School = Escuela
• Hospital = Hospital
• Supermarket = Supermercado
• Bank = Banco
• Park = Parque
• Restaurant = Restaurante
• Police station = Comisaría
• Fire station = Estación de bomberos
• Library = Biblioteca
• Cinema / Movie theater = Cine
• Gym = Gimnasio
• Café = Cafetería
• Museum = Museo
• Bus station = Terminal de buses
• Train station = Estación de tren
• Airport = Aeropuerto
• Pharmacy / Drugstore = Farmacia
• Bakery = Panadería
• Hotel = Hotel
• Post office = Correo
• Church = Iglesia
• Shopping mall = Centro comercial
• Zoo = Zoológico
• University = Universidad
• Playground = Plaza / área de juegos