Dominando la Voz Pasiva y Redacción Efectiva en Inglés

Voz Pasiva:

• Present Simple: am/are/is + participio pasado (pp)
• Present Continuous: am/are/is being + pp
• Future (Will): will be + pp
• Future (Going to): am/are/is going to be + pp
• Past Simple: was/were + pp
• Past Continuous: was/were being + pp
• Present Perfect: have/has been + pp
• Past Perfect: had been + pp
• Future Perfect: will have been + pp

Transformaciones comunes:

• Will - would
• Can - could
• Must - had to
• Here - there
• This - that
• These - those
• Now - then
• Next week - the following week
• Today - that day
• Tonight - that night
• Tomorrow - the following day
• Yesterday - the day before
• Last week - the week before

Ejemplos de Voz Pasiva

• Present Simple: Spanish is spoken here.
• Present Continuous: Your questions are being answered.
• Future (Will): It’ll be painted by next week.
• Future (Going to): Terry is going to be made redundant next year.
• Past Simple: We were invited to the party, but we didn’t go.
• Past Continuous: The hotel room was being cleaned when we got back from shopping.
• Present Perfect: The President of America has been shot.
• Past Perfect: When he got home he found that all of his money had been stolen.
• Future Perfect: Our baby will have been born before Christmas.

Redacción Efectiva

Estructura de un ensayo:

I think that ___ has both positive and negative aspects. I will explain in this essay. The advantages of ___ are clear. Firstly ___. Secondly ___. And finally ___ in addition. On the negative side, there are also some disadvantages, firstly ___. All in all, I believe that there are more advantages than disadvantages if ___.

Expresiones Útiles

• Invitar: Would you like to + -ing
• Opinar: I think you should
• Pedir formal: Could you please
• Aconsejar: Should (2nd conditional)
• Sugerir: Should we + infinitive; Let's + infinitive; Could
• Agradecer: Thanks

Condicionales

• 1st Conditional: If + Present Simple, will + infinitive (Si se cumple la condición)
• 2nd Conditional: If + Past Simple, would/might/could + infinitive (Poco probable)
• 3rd Conditional: If + Past Perfect, would have + past participle (Imposible)

Tabla de Transformación a la Voz Pasiva

• Help - are helped
• Are helping - are being helped
• Helped - were helped
• Will help - will be helped
• Have helped - have been helped
• Should help - should be helped
• Were helping - were being helped
• Had helped - had been helped
• Must have helped - must have been helped
• Have to help - have to be helped
• Are going to help - are going to be helped

Phrasal Verbs Comunes

ask for (pedir), break away (separarse), break down (averiarse), break into (introducirse en), break off (partir), break out (estallar), break up (separarse), bring up (educar), call off (cancelar), call on (pasar a), care about (preocuparse por), call up (llamar por teléfono), carry on (continuar), catch on (tener éxito), catch up on (ponerse al día), check in (facturar el equipaje), clean up (limpiar/arreglar), come across (dar con casualidad), come apart (deshacer), come back (regresar), come down (bajar), come over (venir), come up with (proponer), count on (contar con), cut down (reducir), cut off (cortar), deal with (tratar), dress up (vestirse bien), end up (acabar), feel like (apetecer), feel up to (sentirse capaz), figure out (comprender), fill in (rellenar), find out (descubrir), fit in (encajar), get ahead (progresar), get away with (escaparse), get back (volver), get by (arreglárselas), get down (bajarse), get hold of (cogerse), get in (entrar), get on (llevarse bien), get off (bajarse de), get out of (librarse de), get over (reponerse), get together (reunirse), get up (levantarse), give away (revelar/delatar), give back (devolver), give in (darse por vencido), give out (repartir), give up (dejar/abandonar), go along (ir con), go off (marcharse), go on (continuar), go out (salir), go through with (llevar a cabo), grow up (criarse), hang up (colgar), hang out (pasar el rato), hold up (levantar), join in (tomar parte), keep off (mantenerse alejado).

Collocations Comunes

• Make: friends (hacer amigos), money (hacer dinero), a decision (tomar una decisión), fun (burlarse), noise (ruido)
• Do: nothing (nada), job (un trabajo), well (bien), someone (un favor)
• Take: a risk (un riesgo), advice (consejo), a taxi (coger un taxi), care (tener cuidado)
• Have: an accident (un accidente), a haircut (cortarse el pelo), a problem (un problema), a party (hacer una fiesta), fun (pasarlo bien)
• Out: work out (encontrar una solución), run out of (quedarse sin), stand out (destacar), watch out (tener cuidado), set out (empezar)