Dominando los Tiempos Verbales en Inglés y Vocabulario Esencial

Dominando los Tiempos Verbales en Inglés

Present Simple

Formation

It has the same form as the infinitive for all persons, except for the third person singular, which generally adds an -s.

Examples

A: I eat a lot
N: I don't eat much
I: Do you eat much?

Usage

• To talk about routine actions.
• To talk about facts or general truths.
• To talk about permanent situations.

Present Continuous

Formation

It is formed with the present simple of the verb 'to be' + the main verb ending in -ing.

Examples

A: I am eating a hot-dog
N: I'm not eating a hot-dog
I: Am I eating a hot-dog?

Usage

• To express actions happening at the moment of speaking.
• Actions that are happening temporarily, not necessarily at the moment of speaking.
• The present continuous is not usually used with the following verbs: belong, hate, know, like, love, mean, need, prefer, remember, understand, want.

Past Simple

Formation

It is formed by adding -ed to the infinitive. The negation and interrogation are formed with the auxiliary 'did'. Remember that didn't is the contraction of did not.

Examples

A: I played in the park
N: I didn't play in the park
I: Did I play in the park?

Usage

• To talk about past actions that took place at a specific moment.
• To narrate sequenced past events.

Past Continuous

Formation

It is formed with the past simple of the verb 'to be' + the main verb ending in -ing.

Examples

A: I was sleeping in the park
N: I wasn't sleeping in the park
I: Was I sleeping in the park?

Usage

• Describes an activity that was happening at a specific moment in the past.
• Describes an activity interrupted by a shorter action.
• Describes two simultaneous actions.
• The equivalent tense in Spanish is usually the pretérito imperfecto.

Present Perfect

Formation

It is formed with the present simple of the verb 'to have' + the past participle of the main verb.

Examples

A: I've (have) walked for two hours
N: I haven't walked for two hours
I: Have I walked for two hours?

Usage

• Actions that happened in the past without specifying the moment they occurred.
• With the adverb 'just', actions that have just happened are expressed.
• With the prepositions 'for' and 'since'.
• With time expressions that indicate an incomplete period: today, this week, this month, this year, this morning, etc.

Simple Future (Will)

Formation

It is formed with 'will' + infinitive for all persons.

Examples

A: I will return tonight
N: I will not return tonight
I: Will I return tonight?

Usage

• To express predictions about the future.
• To make promises.
• To make an offer.
• In first conditional sentences.
• To make a decision at the moment of speaking.

Future with Going To

Formation

It is formed with the present continuous of the verb 'to go' + the infinitive of the main verb.

Examples

A: I'm (I am) going to stay at home
N: I'm not going to stay at home
I: Am I going to stay at home?

Usage

• To express intentions.
• To talk about future plans.
• To make predictions about the future based on evidence in the present.

Modal Verbs

• would - faria
• could - podria
• should - hauria

Auxiliary Verb Conjugations

• was (I, he, she, it)
• were (you, we, they)
• have (I, you, we, they)
• has (it, he, she)

Vocabulary

• disease: malaltia
• pain: dolor
• cure: curació
• heal: curar
• tablets: pastilles
• therapy: teràpia
• treatment: tractament
• action
• adventure
• animation
• comedy
• crime
• documentary
• drama
• horror
• musical
• romance
• science fiction
• fantasy
• thriller
• war film
• western
• Studio
• main character (protagonista)
• director
• soundtrack
• sets (scenes)
• special effects
• actor

Reported Speech

Tense changes:

• Present Continuous changes to Past Continuous.
• Present Simple changes to Past Simple.
• Past Simple and Present Perfect Simple change to Past Perfect Simple.
• Future Simple changes to Conditional (from 'will' to 'would', from 'can' to 'could').