Vocabulario técnico de ingeniería: términos clave en inglés con su traducción al español

Vocabulario técnico de ingeniería: términos clave en inglés

A continuación se presenta un glosario de términos técnicos en inglés con su correspondiente traducción al español, útil para estudiantes y profesionales de la ingeniería.

Estructuras y materiales

• Pipe (tubería): A long round, hollow tube usually made of metal or plastic which is used for conducting, carrying or conveying liquids or gas.
• Beam (viga): A long thick piece of wood, metal, etc. used to support a structure.
• Steel (acero): A very strong metal which is made mainly from iron but also contains carbon and other elements. It is used for making many things, for example bridges, buildings, vehicles, etc.
• Conductor (conductor): A material which will transmit electricity or heat.
• Wire (cable): A slender flexible strand or rod of metal // a cable consisting of several metal strands twisted together.
• Cable (cable): A wire or bundle of wires that conducts electricity.

Mecánica y energía

• Buoyancy (flotabilidad): The ability to float in a liquid or air.
• Piston (pistón): A disc or round piece that moves inside a hollow cylinder to transform energy into motion by means of a connecting rod.
• Engine (motor): Any machine designed to convert energy into mechanical work.
• Fulcrum (fulcro): The pivot point of a system of levers, e.g. the screw in a pair of scissors.
• Die (troquel): A shaped block used to cut or form metal.

Electricidad y magnetismo

• Switch / Switchgear (interruptor): A mechanical, electrical or electronic device for opening or closing a circuit.
• Magnet (imán): A body that can attract certain substances, such as iron or steel, as a result of a magnetic field.

Física y movimiento

• Mass (masa): A physical quantity expressing the amount of matter in a body.
• Slope (pendiente): An inclined portion of ground // any inclined surface or line.
• Friction (rozamiento): A resistance encountered when one body moves relative to another body with which it is in contact // the act or effect when rubbing one object against another.
• Brake (freno): A device for slowing or stopping a vehicle, wheel, shaft, etc.
• Handle (picaporte): A small round object or a lever that is attached to a door or window and is used for opening and closing it.

Desgaste

• Wear (desgaste): To cause to deteriorate by use. Consume or waste gradually.