Vocabulario de cine en inglés y uso de la voz pasiva: términos, gerundio e infinitivo
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Vocabulario de cine (English - Español)
A continuación se presentan términos relacionados con el cine y su traducción. Se ha respetado el orden y contenido original, corrigiendo ortografía y puntuación.
- appeal to: atraer a
- awesome: impresionante
- behind the scenes: entre bastidores
- boom bum, auge
- box-office hit: taquillazo
- by leaps and bounds: a pasos agigantados
- cast: reparto
- character: personaje
- dub: doblar
- fast-paced: trepidante
- figure: cifra
- filmgoer: cinéfilo
- gender: sexo
- leading role: papel principal
- look on: mirar
- move with the times: modernizarse
- outnumber: superar
- outrageous: indignante
- plot: trama
Continuación de vocabulario
- predictable: predecible
- reflect: reflejar
- release (v): liberar
- script: guion
- set: decorado, escenario
- sold out: agotado
- stand out: destacar
- stunt: escena de riesgo
- wise: sensato
- worth seeing: merecer la pena verlo
- action-packed: lleno de acción
- bizarre: extraño
- drawback: inconveniente
- flick: peli
- have you on the edge of your seat: mantener a alguien pegado en la butaca
- hilarious: divertidísimo
- masterpiece: obra maestra
- overdone: exagerado
- superb: extraordinario
Gerundio
Verbos que suelen ir seguidos de gerundio:
- avoid
- consider
- deny
- detest
- dislike
- enjoy
- finish
- miss
- suggest
Ejemplo: I dislike playing tennis.
Infinitivo
Verbos que suelen ir seguidos de infinitivo (to + verbo):
- advise
- encourage
- help
- invite
- persuade
- teach
- feel
- want
Ejemplos de voz activa y pasiva
Ann took these photos. / These photos were taken by Ann.
¿Cuándo usar la voz pasiva?
- Acciones cuyo sujeto activo se desconoce o no es importante.
- Enfatizar una parte concreta de la oración.
Our car was made in Korea. (No sé qué personas concretas, y probablemente no importa.)
We finished the work today. (Lo que interesa es que nosotros hemos terminado, por ejemplo si hemos estado trabajando muy duro.)
The work will be finished today. (Si queremos tranquilizar a nuestro cliente de que la tarea que nos encargó va a estar lista a tiempo.)
Observa que, por lo general, las oraciones pasivas no incluyen el complemento agente (by + nombre). Éste sólo aparece si es un dato verdaderamente relevante.
Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.
NO: Hamlet was written for Shakespeare.
Formas verbales: activo vs pasivo (resumen)
Present Simple: take, takes / is, are taken
Present Continuous: am/is/are taking / am/is/are being taken
Past Simple: took / was/were taken
Past Continuous | was/were taking | was/were being taken |
will | will take | will be taken |
going to | am/is/are going to take | am/is/are going to be taken |
They gave Diana a camera. / Diana was given a camera X
Cuadro comparativo: tiempos y voz pasiva
Tiempo | Activa | Pasiva |
Present simple | He delivers the letters. | The letters are delivered. |
Past simple | He delivered the letters. | The letters were delivered. |
Future simple | He will deliver the letters. | The letters will be delivered. |
Present Continuous | He is delivering the letters. | The letters are being delivered. |
Past Continuous | He was delivering the letters. | The letters were being delivered. |
Going to | He is going to deliver the letters. | The letters are going to be delivered. |
Present Perfect | He has delivered the letters. | The letters have been delivered. |
Past Perfect | He had delivered the letters. | The letters had been delivered. |
Infinitive | He has to deliver the letters. | The letters have to be delivered. |
Modals | He must deliver the letters. | The letters must be delivered. |