Unlock Advanced English: Master Participle Clauses, Inversion & Key Vocabulary

Unit 10: Advanced Vocabulary & Participle Clauses

Vocabulary

Describing Places

• bright and cheerful → luminoso y alegre
• cheap and cheerful → económico pero agradable
• cramped and cluttered → estrecho y desordenado
• dark and dingy → oscuro y deprimente
• dodgy → poco seguro
• edgy → tenso / de vanguardia
• handy → práctico / útil
• hot and stuffy → caluroso y sofocante
• laid-back → relajado / tranquilo
• leafy → lleno de vegetación
• light and airy → luminoso y ventilado
• neat and tidy → limpio y ordenado
• retro → de estilo antiguo
• rowdy → ruidoso / alborotado
• run-down → en mal estado
• steep → inclinado
• upmarket → exclusivo / de lujo
• warm and cosy → cálido y acogedor

Expressions with "House and Home"

• bring the house down → hacer que el público estalle en aplausos
• eat you out of house and home → arruinarte comiendo toda tu comida
• get on like a house on fire → llevarse de locos
• hit home → llegar al corazón / tocar algo sensible
• home comforts → comodidades del hogar
• home from home → un segundo hogar
• house speciality → especialidad de la casa
• make yourself at home → siéntete como en casa
• on the house → cortesía de la casa / gratis
• very close to home → afectar personalmente / tocar de cerca

Grammar

Participle Clauses

Tipos de Participle Clauses

Present Participle Clauses (-ing): Ejemplo: Walking down the street, I saw an old friend. → (While I was walking down the street, I saw an old friend.)

Past Participle Clauses (-ed): Expresan acciones pasivas o estados resultantes. Ejemplo: Shocked by the news, she couldn’t speak. → (Because she was shocked by the news, she couldn’t speak.)

Perfect Participle Clauses: (having + past participle) Indican que una acción ocurrió antes que otra. Ejemplo: Having finished my work, I went home. → (After I had finished my work, I went home.)

Usos de las Participle Clauses

1. Para evitar oraciones de relativo

   En vez de:
   I recognise the man who is standing over there.
   Usamos:
   I recognise the man standing over there.

2. Para evitar conjunciones como “because”, “when” o “if”

   • Para decir el motivo (because/so)

     Because I didn’t want to offend my host, I ate everything.
     Not wanting to offend my host, I ate everything.

   • Para decir cuándo pasa algo (when/after/once)

     When I looked out of the window, I saw a shooting star.
     Looking out of the window, I saw a shooting star.

   • Para decir qué pasó después (and/so)

     He fell off the ladder and broke his leg.
     He fell off the ladder, breaking his leg.

   • Para decir condiciones (if)

     If they are cooked in their skins, potatoes keep their nutrients.
     Cooked in their skins, potatoes keep their nutrients.

3. Después de verbos como "see", "hear", "watch", etc.

   I heard that something was moving in the bushes.
   I heard something moving in the bushes.

Unit 11: Essential Sight Vocabulary & English Inversion

Vocabulary

Sight Vocabulary

• a breathtaking view → una vista impresionante
• a familiar sight → una vista familiar
• a rare sight → una vista poco común
• a unique look → una apariencia única
• catch sight of → divisar / avistar
• catch your eye → llamar la atención / atraer la mirada
• come into view → aparecer en la vista
• have a look at → echar un vistazo a
• hide from view → ocultar de la vista
• in full view of → a plena vista de
• in the public eye → en el ojo público / bajo el escrutinio público
• in-depth look → una mirada en profundidad / mirada profunda
• keep out of sight → mantenerse fuera de la vista
• look out for → estar atento a / vigilar
• on view → a la vista
• poor vision → visión deficiente
• take a closer look at → mirar más de cerca
• visible to the naked eye → visible a simple vista
• vision of the future → visión del futuro
• X-ray vision → visión de rayos X

Grammar

Inversion in English

1. Con verbos auxiliares (will, have, can…)

Frase normal: I will never make that mistake again.
Frase con inversión: Never will I make that mistake again.

2. Si no hay auxiliar (usamos do/does/did)

Frase normal: She not only won the competition, but she also broke a record.
Frase con inversión: Not only did she win the competition, but she also broke a record.

3. Con frases con no (No way, No circumstances…)

Frase normal: You should never open the door to strangers under any circumstances.
Frase con inversión: Under no circumstances should you open the door to strangers.

4. Con adverbios negativos de frecuencia (Rarely, Never, Seldom…)

Frase normal: We rarely get the chance to travel abroad.
Frase con inversión: Rarely do we get the chance to travel abroad.

5. Con No sooner… than y Hardly… when

Frase normal: I had no sooner sat down than the phone rang.
Frase con inversión: No sooner had I sat down than the phone rang.

6. Con Little para sorpresa o desconocimiento

Frase normal: I didn’t know that he was lying to me.
Frase con inversión: Little did I know that he was lying to me.