Orienteering: Definition, Types, and Techniques | Athletics: Introduction, Events, and Rules | Shot Put: Technique and Regulations

Orienteering

Orienteering is a sport that requires navigational skills using a map and a compass to navigate from one point to another in unfamiliar terrain.

Types of Orienteering

• International Orienteering Federation
• Foot Orienteering
• Mountain Bike Orienteering
• Ski Orienteering
• Trail Orienteering (in wheelchair)

Athletics

Introduction

A standard race track length is 400m.

Carrera de Vallas (Hurdles Race)

- 110m for men

- 100m for women

- 400m for men

- 400m for women

''No se saltan, se pasan''

Fases (Phases)

- Ataque (Attack)

- Franqueo (Clearance)

- Contacto con el Suelo (Ground Contact)

Reglas (Rules)

The athlete cannot intentionally knock down the hurdles as it would result in disqualification.

Salto de Altura (High Jump)

The world record for men is held by Javier Sotomayor from Cuba, with a height of 2.45m, achieved in Salamanca in 1993.

Formas de realizar un salto de altura (Techniques of High Jump)

- Tijera (Scissors)

- Rodillo Ventral (Roll Ventral)

- Fosbury

Técnica del Salto (Jump Technique)

1. Carrera (Run-up): 12 to 14 curved steps

2. Batida (Takeoff): Propel with the takeoff leg while the free leg or jump leg, along with the arm movement, moves upward to clear the bar

3. Vuelo (Flight)

4. Franqueo del listón (Clearance of the bar)

Reglamento (Regulations)

- The bar must be cleared without the aid of any external device

- Only one takeoff leg is allowed

Shot Put

Both men and women throw a shot or weight from within a circular area towards a marked area.

The circular area has a diameter of 2.14m and the surface must be made of concrete or another non-slip material, with a slope at the front of the circle.

The shot is a solid metal ball with a smooth surface. For men, the diameter is between 110 and 130mm, and it weighs 7.26kg. For women, the diameter is between 95 and 110mm, and it weighs 4kg.

Types of Shot Put

Lanzamiento lineal (Linear Shot Put)

1. Fase Inicial (Initial Phase)

2. Fase de Acción (Action Phase)

3. Fase Principal (Main Phase)

4. Cambio de Pies (Change of Feet)

Lanzamiento Giratorio (Rotational Shot Put)

1. Fase Inicial (Initial Phase)

2. Fase principal (Main Phase)

4. Cambio de Pies (Change of Feet)

Reglamento (Regulations)

- One hand for throwing

- The shot is placed on the shoulder