Mastering Irregular Verbs in English: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction

Irregular verbs are a fundamental aspect of English grammar that can be challenging for learners. Unlike regular verbs that follow a predictable pattern, irregular verbs have unique forms for the past simple and past participle. This guide provides a comprehensive list of common irregular verbs with their base form, past simple, and past participle to help you master their usage.

Common Irregular Verbs

A - B

• Arise: arose, arisen (levantarse/surgir)
• Awake: awoke, awoken (despertar)
• Beat: beat, beaten (agitar/batir)
• Bear: bore, borne (soportar)
• Become: became, become (convertir)
• Befall: befell, befallen (acontecer)
• Begin: began, begun (empezar)
• Bend: bent, bent (doblarse)
• Beseech: besought, besought (rogar)
• Bet: bet, bet (apostar)
• Bid: bade, bidden (mandar)
• Bind: bound, bound (atar/amarrar)
• Bite: bit, bitten (morder)
• Bleed: bled, bled (sangrar)
• Blow: blew, blown (soplar)
• Breed: bred, bred (criar)
• Bring: brought, brought (traer)
• Broadcast: broadcast, broadcast (emitir)
• Burst: burst, burst (estallar)

C - D

• Cast: cast, cast (echar/proyectar/tirar)
• Catch: caught, caught (coger)
• Cling: clung, clung (colgarse de)
• Creep: crept, crept (moverse sigilosamente)
• Deal: dealt, dealt (dar)
• Dig: dug, dug (cavar)
• Dwell: dwelt, dwelt (habitar)

F - G

• Feed: fed, fed (alimentar)
• Flee: fled, fled (escaparse)
• Forbid: forbade, forbidden (prohibir)
• Forgive: forgave, forgiven (perdonar)
• Forsake: forsook, forsaken (abandonar)
• Get: got, gotten (conseguir/alcanzar)
• Give: gave, given (dar)
• Grind: ground, ground (moler)
• Grow: grew, grown (crecer)

H - L

• Hang: hung, hung (colgar)
• Hide: hid, hidden (esconder)
• Hit: hit, hit (pegar)
• Hold: held, held (abrazar)
• Keep: kept, kept (guardar/mantener)
• Kneel: knelt, knelt (arrodillarse)
• Lay: laid, laid (colocar/poner)
• Lead: led, led (conducir/liderar)
• Lean: leaned/leant, leaned/leant (apoyarse/inclinar)
• Leave: left, left (dejar/irse)
• Lend: lent, lent (dejar/prestar)
• Let: let, let (permitir/alquilar)
• Lie: lay, lain (echarse/yacer)
• Light: lit, lit (iluminar)

M - S

• Mow: mowed, mown (segar)
• Rise: rose, risen (elevar/levantar/mejorar)
• Saw: sawed, sawn (serrar)
• Say: said, said (decir)
• See: saw, seen (ver)
• Seek: sought, sought (buscar)
• Sell: sold, sold (vender)
• Send: sent, sent (enviar)
• Set: set, set (colocar)
• Sew: sewed, sewn (coser)
• Shed: shed, shed (derramar)
• Shine: shone, shone (brillar)
• Shoot: shot, shot (disparar/filmar)
• Show: showed, shown (enseñar/mostrar)
• Shrink: shrank, shrunk (encoger)
• Shut: shut, shut (cerrar/encerrar)
• Sink: sank, sunk (hundir)
• Slay: slew, slain (asesinar)
• Slide: slid, slid (deslizarse/resbalar)
• Slink: slunk, slunk (irse sigilosamente)
• Slit: slit, slit (cortar/rajar)
• Sow: sowed, sown (sembrar)
• Speed: sped, sped (ir rápidamente)
• Spill: spilled/spilt, spilled/spilt (derramar/verter)
• Spin: spun, spun (hilar/tejer)
• Spit: spat, spat (escupir)
• Split: split, split (dividir)
• Spoil: spoiled/spoilt, spoiled/spoilt (estropear)
• Spread: spread, spread (extender)
• Spring: sprang, sprung (brotar/saltar)
• Stand: stood, stood (sostenerse/estar de pie)
• Stick: stuck, stuck (pegar/atacar/clavar)
• Sting: stung, stung (picar)
• Stink: stank, stunk (oler mal)
• Strew: strewed, strewn (esparcir)
• Stride: strode, stridden (caminar dando zancadas)
• Strike: struck, struck (dar la hora/atacar)
• String: strung, strung (enhebrar/ensartar)
• Strive: strove, striven (esforzarse)
• Swear: swore, sworn (jurar/decir tacos)
• Sweep: swept, swept (barrer)
• Swell: swelled, swollen/swelled (hinchar/aumentar)
• Swing: swung, swung (balancear)

T - W

• Tear: tore, torn (romperse/rasgarse)
• Thrive: thrived/throve, thrived/thriven (prosperar/desarrollarse)
• Throw: threw, thrown (arrojar/lanzar)
• Thrust: thrust, thrust (lanzar/clavar)
• Tread: trod, trodden (pisar/hollar)
• Undergo: underwent, undergone (sufrir/padecer)
• Undertake: undertook, undertaken (emprender/asumir)
• Weave: wove, woven (tejer/entrelazar)
• Weep: wept, wept (llorar)
• Wind: wound, wound (envolver/ovilllar/dar cuerda)
• Wring: wrung, wrung (retroceder/escurrir/estrujar)

Conclusion

This comprehensive list provides a valuable resource for learners to understand and practice irregular verbs. By familiarizing yourself with these verbs, you can improve your fluency and accuracy in English communication. Remember to practice regularly and use these verbs in context to solidify your understanding.