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Inglés para Profesionales de la Salud: Vocabulario, Consejos y Ejercicios Prácticos

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Inglés para profesionales de la salud

Este material reúne vocabulario médico, estructuras modales y ejercicios prácticos para comunicarse con pacientes en inglés.

1. Síntomas y dolencias

Preguntas frecuentes: I need…, I've got a terrible headache, I've got a sore throat, If you've got a toothache, you…, I've got a rash, If you've got a cold…, I haven't had the flu this year, I've been on…, I fell and sprained my ankle.

2. Preguntas sobre el dolor

  • Does it hurt?
  • Do you have pain?
  • Where does it hurt?
  • Does it hurt when I press here?
  • Show me where it hurts.
  • When did the pain start?
  • When did it start hurting?
  • Does it hurt all the time?
  • How much does it hurt?
  • How would you describe the pain?
  • What makes the pain worse?

3. Órganos vitales

Heart (corazón), kidneys (riñones), brain (cerebro), liver (hígado), lungs (pulmones).

4. Equipamiento médico

  • Thermometer: termómetro
  • Stethoscope: estetoscopio, para auscultar
  • Scissors: tijeras para cortar gasas
  • Blood pressure monitor: tensiómetro
  • Pulse oximeter: oxímetro de pulso
  • Light pen: linterna para examinar
  • Band aids, antiseptic cream, syringe y bandages: tiritas, crema antiséptica, jeringa y vendas.

5. Instrucciones al paciente

Get up / Get out / Lie down / Turn around / Lie on / Take this / Take you / Don't move / Lift you / Press this.

6. Should / Shouldn't

Ejemplos: I should go to work today. / Should I go to work today? / I shouldn't go to work today.

  • Should she get some rest? / She shouldn't get some rest.
  • Should we take him to the hospital? / We shouldn't take him to the hospital.
  • Should he drink more water? / He shouldn't drink more water.
  • Should we get our eyes checked every day? / We shouldn't get our eyes checked every year.

7. Consejos con should

You shouldn't eat / You should get / People should drink / Should we / You shouldn't go.

8. Lesiones y consejos

  • If you sprain your ankle, you should get an ice pack.
  • If you twist your wrist, you should get a bandage.
  • If you hurt your back, you should call a doctor.
  • If you cut your finger, you should put on a plaster.
  • If you have a toothache, you should go to the dentist.

9. Ejercicio: elige la opción correcta

  1. Lisa has got a temperature. She should stay in bed / see a doctor / stay indoors.
  2. John has got a broken arm. He should see a doctor / take medicine.
  3. Ann has got a sore throat. She should take medicine / stay indoors.
  4. Sophie has got a cold / the flu. She should stay in bed / eat lots of fruit and vegetables.
  5. Bill has got measles. He should stay in bed / see a doctor.
  6. Gina has got a headache. She should take an aspirin.
  7. Tim has got a toothache. He should visit a dentist.

10. Ejercicio: modales must, can y mustn't

Completa los huecos: a) I can't see / b) patient must / has to take / c) you must make / d) you can't attend / e) You mustn't smoke / f) You should go / g) Nurses can provide / h) Doctors mustn't lie / i) Can you / j) Nurses must be.

11. What to do at the doctor's

Completa con must, can, mustn't, should, shouldn't o can't.

12. Comunicación con pacientes

Ejemplos: I recommend…, Both, Lie…, Doctor, Sorry…, Chemist, Can…, Does…, I….

  • Can I help you?
  • Sorry, you must have a prescription for that.
  • Does it hurt here?
  • I want you to have an X-ray.

13. Diálogos de práctica

  1. You: What's the matter? Anil: I've got a cough. You: Poor you! You shouldn't be at school. You should stay at home.
  2. Cole: I've got earache. You: Poor you! You shouldn't wait for it to get better. You should go to the doctor.
  3. Ruby: I've got a stomachache. You: Poor you! You should lie down. You shouldn't eat anything.
  4. Bob: I've got a headache. You: Poor you! You shouldn't read any books. You should take a painkiller.
  5. Nina: I've got a sore throat. You: Poor you! You should take some medicine. You shouldn't eat any crisps.

14. Medicamentos y su función

  • Antidepressants: antidepresivos
  • Painkillers: analgésicos
  • Sedative / Anxiolytic: sedante / ansiolítico
  • Anti-inflammatory: antiinflamatorio
  • Antihistamine: antihistamínico
  • Vaccine: vacuna
  • Supplement: suplemento
  • Laxatives: laxantes
  • Antibiotics: antibióticos

15. Historiales de pacientes

Francis (3/09/1962, Brighton): surgery for appendicitis; half teaspoon of antibiotics, 3 times a day for 15 days; lift heavy things to avoid the stitches coming off; cannot have a fast lifestyle (food, drink alcohol, be sedentary).

Mr. Stevens (11/11/1996): breathing failure; inhaler 200 mg Ventolin, puff once every 30 seconds; smokes; has pets.

16. Pacientes 4, 5 y 6

Patient 4: Mr. Strauss was born on 6 April 1965 in Berlin. He was diagnosed with constipation. He must use 1 enema of 140 ml of laxative for 3 days every 24 hours. He should not drink alcohol and should eat more fiber. Mr. Strauss can keep hydrated with water.

Patient 5: Mrs. Dupont was born on 31 May 1988 in Paris. She was pregnant with nausea and vomiting. The doctor prescribed a 75 mg tablet of B6 supplement. She must take it every morning. She should get plenty of rest and she shouldn't eat high-fat foods. She can't drink alcohol.

Patient 6: Mr. Johnson was born on 7 November 2001 in Venezuela. He was diagnosed with depression. The doctor prescribed 1 pill of antidepressant (2 if necessary). He must take it once a day at night. He should go to therapy and lean on friends and family. He should play sports. He can't drink alcohol.

17. Traducción de ejemplos

  • I can speak English to patients. / Puedo hablar inglés con los pacientes.
  • Can you help me get up? I need to go to the toilet. / ¿Puedes ayudarme a levantarme? Necesito ir al baño.
  • Can I use the telephone? / ¿Puedo usar el teléfono?
  • The pain can get worse. / El dolor puede empeorar.
  • I can't read the doctor's prescription. It's illegible. / No puedo leer la receta del médico. Es ilegible.
  • The doctor is busy and can't see you now. / El médico está ocupado y no puede atenderlo ahora.
  • People with food allergies must be very careful. / Las personas con alergias alimentarias deben tener mucho cuidado.
  • You mustn't take these pills. They are bad for you. / No debes tomar esas pastillas. Son malas para ti.
  • You should stay in bed. / Deberías permanecer en cama.
  • You shouldn't get up. / No deberías levantarte.

18. Números ordinales

Los números terminados en 1st (excepto 11th), 2nd (excepto 12th), 3rd (excepto 13th), y 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th; también 19th.

19. Vocabulario corporal

  • Skull: cráneo
  • Head: cabeza
  • Hair: pelo
  • Face: cara
  • Forehead: frente
  • Eye: ojo
  • Ear: oreja
  • Nose: nariz
  • Mouth: boca
  • Chin: barbilla
  • Neck: cuello
  • Shoulder: hombro
  • Chest: pecho
  • Back: espalda
  • Abdomen: abdomen
  • Forearm: antebrazo
  • Arm: brazo
  • Elbow: codo
  • Wrist: muñeca
  • Hand: mano
  • Hip: cadera
  • Leg: pierna
  • Thigh: muslo
  • Knee: rodilla
  • Ankle: tobillo
  • Heel: talón
  • Foot: pie
  • Toe: dedo del pie

20. Material sanitario

  • Syringe: jeringa
  • Gauze: gasas
  • Medical tape: esparadrapo
  • Band aids: tiritas
  • Scissors: tijeras
  • Dressing scissors: tijeras para cortar ropa
  • Bandages: vendas

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