Dominio de la Voz Pasiva, Pronombres Relativos y Formación de Palabras en Inglés
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La Voz Pasiva en Inglés
| TIEMPO | ACTIVA | PASIVA |
|---|---|---|
| Presente simple | She writes a letter | A letter is written by her |
| Pasado simple | He bought a car | A car was bought by him |
| Futuro simple | They will build a house | A house will be built by them |
| Presente perfecto | I have finished the project | The project has been finished |
| Pasado perfecto | She had sent the email | The email had been sent |
Estructura: Sujeto + verbo “to be” (conjugado) + participio pasado del verbo principal + (by + agente).
¿Cuándo usar la voz pasiva?
- Cuando no sabemos quién hace la acción: The window was broken. (No sabemos quién la rompió).
- Cuando no importa quién la hace: The homework is done every day. (Lo importante es que se hace).
- Cuando queremos sonar más formal o impersonal: The rules must be followed. (Las reglas deben cumplirse).
Pronombres Relativos
| Pronombre | ¿Qué reemplaza? | Ejemplo |
|---|---|---|
| who | Personas (sujeto) | The man who called you is my uncle. |
| whom | Personas (objeto, formal) | The girl whom I met is nice. |
| whose | Posesión (personas o cosas) | The boy whose bike was stolen is sad. |
| which | Cosas o animales | The book which I read was interesting. |
| that | Personas o cosas (general) | The movie that we saw was great. |
🔹 Nota: A veces "that" puede sustituir a "who" o "which".
Adverbios Relativos
| Adverbio | Significado | Ejemplo |
|---|---|---|
| where | Lugar | This is the house where I was born. |
| when | Tiempo | I remember the day when we met. |
| why | Razón | I don’t know the reason why he left. |
Formación de Palabras: Verbos, Personas e Ideas
| Verbo (infinitivo) | Persona (quien lo hace) | Idea u objeto (lo que se crea) |
|---|---|---|
| inspire | inspirational person | inspiration |
| innovate | innovator | innovation |
| replace | replacer | replacement |
| discover | discoverer | discovery |
| develop | developer | development |
| invent | inventor | invention |
| observe | observer | observation |
| research | researcher | research |
| create | creator | creation |
| revolutionize | revolutionary | revolution |
| design | designer | design |
| adapt | adapter / adaptor | adaptation |