Dominando los Verbos en Inglés: Formas Irregulares y Tiempos Verbales Esenciales

Enviado por Programa Chuletas y clasificado en Inglés

Escrito el 20 de Agosto de 2025 en español con un tamaño de 20,31 KB

Verbos Irregulares Esenciales en Inglés

Infinitive	Past Simple	Past Participle	Significado en Español
ARISE AWAKE BE BEAR BEAT BECOME BEGIN BEHOLD BEND BESET BET BID BIND BITE BLEED BLOW BREAK BREED BRING BUILD BURN BURST BUY CAST CATCH CHOOSE CLING COME COST CREEP CUT DEAL DIG DO DRAW DREAM DRINK DRIVE DWELL EAT FALL FEED FEEL FIGHT FIND FLEE FLING FLY FORBID FORECAST FOREGO FORESEE FORETELL FORGET FORGIVE FORSAKE FREEZE GET GIVE GO GRIND GROW HANG HAVE HEAR HIDE HIT HOLD HURT KEEP KNOW LAY LEAD LEAN LEAP LEARN LEAVE LEND LET LIE LIGHT LOSE MAKE MEAN MEET PAY PUT QUIT READ RID RIDE RING RISE RUN SAW SAY SEE SEEK SELL SEND SET SHAKE SHEAR SHED SHINE SHOOT SHOW SHRINK SHUT SING SINK SIT SLAY SLEEP SLIDE SLING SLIT SMELL SOW SPEAK SPEED SPELL SPEND SPILL SPIN SPIT SPLIT SPOIL SPREAD SPRING STAND STEAL STICK STING STINK STRIDE STRIKE STRIVE SWEAR SWEEP SWELL SWIM TAKE TEACH TEAR TELL THINK THROW THRUST TREAD WAKE WAYLAY WEAR WEAVE WEEP WIN WIND WITHDRAW WITHHOLD WITHSTAND WRING WRITE	AROSE AWOKE WAS/WERE BORE BEAT BECAME BEGAN BEHELD BENT BESET BET BADE BOUND BIT BLED BLEW BROKE BRED BROUGHT BUILT BURNT BURST BOUGHT CAST CAUGHT CHOSE CLUNG CAME COST CREPT CUT DEALT DUG DID DREW DREAMT DRANK DROVE DWELT ATE FELL FED FELT FOUGHT FOUND FLED FLUNG FLEW FORBADE FORECAST FOREWENT FORESAW FORETOLD FORGOT FORGAVE FORSOOK FROZE GOT GAVE WENT GROUND GREW HUNG HAD HEARD HID HIT HELD HURT KEPT KNEW LAID LED LEANT LEAPT LEARNT LEFT LENT LET LAY LIT LOST MADE MEANT MET PAID PUT QUIT READ RID RODE RANG ROSE RAN SAWED SAID SAW SOUGHT SOLD SENT SET SHOOK SHEARED SHED SHONE SHOT SHOWED SHRANK SHUT SANG SANK SAT SLEW SLEPT SLID SLUNG SLIT SMELT SOWED SPOKE SPED SPELT SPENT SPILT SPUN SPAT SPLIT SPOILT SPREAD SPRANG STOOD STOLE STUCK STUNG STANK STRODE STRUCK STROVE SWORE SWEPT SWELLED SWAM TOOK TAUGHT TORE TOLD THOUGHT THREW THRUST TROD WOKE WAYLAID WORE WOVE WEPT WON WOUND WITHDREW WITHHELD WITHSTOOD WRUNG WROTE	ARISEN AWAKED BEEN BORN(E) BEATEN BECOME BEGUN BEHELD BENT BESET BET BIDDEN BOUND BITTEN BLED BLOWN BROKEN BRED BROUGHT BUILT BURNT BURST BOUGHT CAST CAUGHT CHOSEN CLUNG COME COST CREPT CUT DEALT DUG DONE DRAWN DREAMT DRUNK DRIVEN DWELT EATEN FALLEN FED FELT FOUGHT FOUND FLED FLUNG FLOWN FORBIDDEN FORECAST FOREGONE FORESEEN FORETOLD FORGOTTEN FORGIVEN FORSAKEN FROZEN GOT(TEN) GIVEN GONE GROUND GROWN HUNG HAD HEARD HIDDEN HIT HELD HURT KEPT KNOWN LAID LED LEANT LEAPT LEARNT LEFT LENT LET LAIN LIT LOST MADE MEANT MET PAID PUT QUIT READ RID RIDDEN RUNG RISEN RUN SAWN SAID SEEN SOUGHT SOLD SENT SET SHAKEN SHORN SHED SHONE SHOT SHOWN SHRUNK SHUT SUNG SUNK SAT SLAIN SLEPT SLID SLUNG SLIT SMELT SOWN SPOKEN SPED SPELT SPENT SPILT SPUN SPAT SPLIT SPOILT SPREAD SPRUNG STOOD STOLEN STUCK STUNG STUNK STRIDDEN STRUCK STRIVEN SWORN SWEPT SWOLLEN SWUM TAKEN TAUGHT TORN TOLD THOUGHT THROWN THRUST TRODDEN WOKEN WAYLAID WORN WOVEN WEPT WON WOUND WITHDRAWN WITHHELD WITHSTOOD WRUNG WRITTEN	ELEVARSE DESPERTARSE SER, ESTAR LLEVAR GOLPEAR LLEGAR A SER EMPEZAR CONTEMPLAR DOBLAR ACOSAR APOSTAR ORDENAR ATAR MORDER SANGRAR SOPLAR ROMPER CRIAR TRAER CONSTRUIR QUEMAR REVENTAR COMPRAR LANZAR COGER ELEGIR AGARRARSE VENIR COSTAR ARRASTRARSE CORTAR TRATAR CAVAR HACER ESTIRAR SOÑAR BEBER CONDUCIR MORAR COMER CAER ALIMENTAR SENTIR LUCHAR ENCONTRAR HUIR ARROJAR VOLAR PROHIBIR PRONOSTICAR RENUNCIAR PREVER PREDECIR OLVIDAR PERDONAR ABANDONAR HELAR OBTENER DAR IR MOLER CRECER COLGAR HABER, TENER OÍR ESCONDER PEGAR SOSTENER HERIR MANTENER SABER PONER HORIZONTAL DIRIGIR APOYAR(SE) SALTAR APRENDER DEJAR, IRSE PRESTAR PERMITIR ESTAR HORIZONTAL ENCENDER PERDER HACER SIGNIFICAR REUNIRSE PAGAR PONER ABANDONAR LEER LIBRARSE DE MONTAR LLAMAR LEVANTARSE CORRER SERRAR DECIR VER BUSCAR VENDER ENVIAR COLOCAR SACUDIR ESQUILAR DEJAR CAER BRILLAR DISPARAR MOSTRAR ENCOGER CERRAR CANTAR HUNDIR SENTAR MASACRAR DORMIR DESLIZAR TIRAR RAJAR OLER SEMBRAR HABLAR ACELERAR DELETREAR GASTAR DERRAMAR GIRAR ESCUPIR DIVIDIR ESTROPEAR EXTENDER BROTAR ESTAR VERTICAL ROBAR ADHERIR(SE) PICAR APESTAR DAR ZANCADAS GOLPEAR ESFORZARSE JURAR BARRER HINCHAR NADAR TOMAR ENSEÑAR RASGAR DECIR, CONTAR PENSAR LANZAR EMPUJAR PISAR DESPERTAR ACECHAR LLEVAR, USAR TEJER LLORAR GANAR ENROLLAR RETIRAR(SE) APLAZAR RESISTIR TORCER ESCRIBIR

El Verbo "To Be" (Ser/Estar)

Como todos los verbos auxiliares, para formar la negativa se le añade not y para la interrogativa basta con invertir el orden (en lugar de Sujeto + Verbo, se coloca Verbo + Sujeto).

Presente Simple

I am (I'm)
You are (You're)
He/She/It is (He's/ She's/ It's)
We are (We're)
You are (You're)
They are (They're)

I'm not
You aren't
He/She/It isn't
We aren't
You aren't
They aren't

Am I?
Are you?
Is he/she/it?
Are we?
Are you?
Are they?

Pasado Simple

I was
You were
He/She/It was
We were
You were
They were

I wasn't
You weren't
He/She/It wasn't
We weren't
You weren't
They weren't

Was I?
Were you?
Was he/she/it?
Were we?
Were you?
Were they?

"There Be" (Haber Impersonal)

Presente Simple

There is
There are

There isn't
There aren't

Is there?
Are there?

Pasado Simple

There was
There were

There wasn't
There weren't

Was there?
Were there?

Nota: Funciona igual que el verbo "to be", pero colocando el pronombre impersonal «there» como sujeto, tanto en tiempos compuestos:

"There has been enough money"

como con verbos modales:

"There must be a reason".

"To Have (Got)" (Tener)

Presente Simple

I have (I've) got
You have (You've) got
He/She/It has (He's) got
We have (We've) got
You have (You've) got
They have (They've) got

I haven't got
You haven't got
He/She/It hasn't got
We haven't got
You haven't got
They haven't got

Have I got?
Have you got?
Has he/she/it got?
Have we got?
Have you got?
Have they got?

"To Have" como Verbo Principal (Tomar, Comer, etc.)

Presente Simple

I have
You have
He/She/It has
We have
You have
They have

I don't have
You don't have
He/She/It doesn't have
We don't have
You don't have
They don't have

Do I have?
Do you have?
Does he/she/it have?
Do we have?
Do you have?
Do they have?

Pasado Simple

I had
You had
He/She/It had
We had
You had
They had

I didn't have
You didn't have
He/She/It didn't have
We didn't have
You didn't have
They didn't have

Did I have?
Did you have?
Did he/she/it have?
Did we have?
Did you have?
Did they have?

Tiempos Verbales Simples

Presente Simple

También se llama «presente habitual» porque expresa una acción que sucede habitualmente o con una determinada frecuencia.

Afirmativa (+): Sujeto + Infinitivo (para la 3ª persona del singular, se añade -[e]s al infinitivo, siguiendo las mismas reglas de ortografía).
Negativa (-): Sujeto + don't/doesn't + Infinitivo.
Interrogativa (?): Do/Does + Sujeto + Infinitivo?

Adverbios de Frecuencia con el Presente Simple:

Always
Normally
Usually (construcciones que equivalen a nuestro verbo "soler" en presente)
Often
Sometimes
Occasionally
Seldom
Hardly ever
Never

Notas sobre los Adverbios de Frecuencia:

Estos adverbios se colocan siempre delante del verbo principal.
Si el verbo principal es "to be", el adverbio irá detrás de él.
En otros tiempos verbales en los que puede aparecer más de un verbo auxiliar, los adverbios irán detrás del primer auxiliar.

Pasado Simple

Se utiliza para expresar acciones terminadas en el pasado.

Afirmativa (+): Sujeto + Infinitivo + -ED (o la 2ª forma de los verbos irregulares).
Negativa (-): Sujeto + didn't + Infinitivo.
Interrogativa (?): Did + Sujeto + Infinitivo?

Nota:

AGO siempre va asociado al Pasado Simple para indicar el tiempo que "hace" que ocurrió una acción:

"They were here three years ago."

Futuro Simple

Se utiliza para expresar predicciones o acciones que ocurrirán en el futuro y que obedecen a un plan o programa establecido de antemano.

Afirmativa (+): Sujeto + shall/will/'ll + Infinitivo.
Negativa (-): Sujeto + shan't/won't + Infinitivo.
Interrogativa (?): Shall/Will + Sujeto + Infinitivo?

Nota:

El auxiliar will se puede utilizar en todos los casos, pero shall se sigue utilizando para la primera persona (singular y plural), aunque es menos común en el inglés moderno.

Condicional Simple

Su utilización prácticamente coincide con la del castellano.

Afirmativa (+): Sujeto + should/would/'d + Infinitivo.
Negativa (-): Sujeto + shouldn't/wouldn't + Infinitivo.
Interrogativa (?): Should/Would + Sujeto + Infinitivo?

Nota:

El auxiliar would se puede utilizar en todos los casos, pero should se sigue utilizando para la primera persona (singular y plural), aunque es menos común en el inglés moderno.

Tiempos Verbales Continuos

Presente Continuo

Se utiliza para expresar:

Una acción que está ocurriendo ahora.
Futuro inmediato.
Intención por parte del sujeto.

Afirmativa (+): Sujeto + am/are/is + Gerundio.
Negativa (-): Sujeto + am not/aren't/isn't + Gerundio.
Interrogativa (?): Am/Are/Is + Sujeto + Gerundio?

Pasado Continuo

Se utiliza para expresar una acción que estuvo ocurriendo durante un determinado periodo de tiempo en el pasado; muchas veces equivale al pretérito imperfecto del castellano.

Afirmativa (+): Sujeto + was/were + Gerundio.
Negativa (-): Sujeto + wasn't/weren't + Gerundio.
Interrogativa (?): Was/Were + Sujeto + Gerundio?

Futuro Continuo

Se utiliza para expresar una acción que ocurrirá durante un cierto periodo de tiempo en el futuro.

Afirmativa (+): Sujeto + shall/will/'ll + be + Gerundio.
Negativa (-): Sujeto + shan't/won't + be + Gerundio.
Interrogativa (?): Shall/Will + Sujeto + be + Gerundio?

Condicional Continuo

Se utiliza para expresar una acción condicional que se prolonga durante un cierto periodo de tiempo.

Afirmativa (+): Sujeto + should/would/'d + be + Gerundio.
Negativa (-): Sujeto + shouldn't/wouldn't + be + Gerundio.
Interrogativa (?): Should/Would + Sujeto + be + Gerundio?

Tiempos Verbales Perfectos

Presente Perfecto

No coincide con el pretérito perfecto del castellano. Se refiere a acciones relacionadas con el presente, bien porque empezaron en el pasado y llegan hasta el presente ("up to now") o bien aunque terminaron en el pasado, cobran importancia en el presente (experiencias, cambios o diferencias entre el pasado y presente).

Afirmativa (+): Sujeto + have/has + Participio pasado.
Negativa (-): Sujeto + haven't/hasn't + Participio pasado.
Interrogativa (?): Have/Has + Sujeto + Participio pasado?

Notas sobre el Presente Perfecto:

FOR se utiliza para expresar el tiempo que lleva ocurriendo algo («durante» tanto tiempo o «desde hace» tanto tiempo).
Sujeto + have/has + Participio pasado + for + Periodo de tiempo.
"I haven't smoked a cigarette for three months."
SINCE se utiliza para expresar un momento determinado en el pasado en el que comienza la acción.
Sujeto + have/has + Participio pasado + since + Punto en el pasado.
"I've played tennis since 1991."
JUST se utiliza para expresar una acción que acaba de ocurrir en este momento.
Sujeto + have/has + just + Participio pasado.
"The train has just arrived."
STILL NOT se utiliza para expresar una acción que aún no se ha completado, pero que se esperaba que ya lo hubiese hecho; es enfático.
Sujeto + still + haven't/hasn't + Participio pasado.
"They still haven't brought my book back."
ALREADY se utiliza, en oraciones afirmativas, para expresar una acción ya acabada, o acabada antes de lo previsto.
Sujeto + have/has + already + Participio pasado.
"He has already finished his work!"
YET se utiliza para sustituir a "already" en las oraciones interrogativas.
YET en las oraciones negativas tiene un significado similar a "still", pero no es enfático.
Sujeto + haven't/hasn't + Participio pasado + yet.
Have/Has + Sujeto + Participio pasado + yet?
Ejemplos: "Have they phoned yet?" "No, I'm afraid that they haven't phoned yet."

Pasado Perfecto

Indica una acción pasada que terminó antes que otra, también pasada. Equivale al Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto o al Pretérito Anterior del castellano.

Afirmativa (+): Sujeto + had + Participio pasado.
Negativa (-): Sujeto + hadn't + Participio pasado.
Interrogativa (?): Had + Sujeto + Participio pasado?

Futuro Perfecto

Se refiere a una acción que habrá finalizado en un determinado momento en el futuro.

Afirmativa (+): Sujeto + shall/will/'ll + have + Participio pasado.
Negativa (-): Sujeto + shan't/won't + have + Participio pasado.
Interrogativa (?): Shall/Will + Sujeto + have + Participio pasado?

Condicional Perfecto

Se refiere a una acción que podría haber ocurrido en el pasado, pero que no ocurrió.

Afirmativa (+): Sujeto + should/would/'d + have + Participio pasado.
Negativa (-): Sujeto + shouldn't/wouldn't + have + Participio pasado.
Interrogativa (?): Should/Would + Sujeto + have + Participio pasado?

Conjugación de un Verbo Regular: "To Work"

Verbo "To Work"

Presente Simple

I work - I don't work - Do I work?
You work - You don't work - Do you work?
He works - He doesn't work - Does he work?
(Las personas del plural tienen la misma forma que la segunda del singular)

Pasado Simple

I worked - I didn't work - Did I work?
You worked - You didn't work - Did you work?
He worked - He didn't work - Did he work?

Futuro Simple

I shall work (I'll work) - I shan't work - Shall I work?
You will work (You'll work) - You won't work - Will you work?
He will work (He'll work) - He won't work - Will he work?

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