Domina la Voz Pasiva y los Condicionales en Inglés: Ejemplos y Estructura
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Voz Activa y Pasiva en Inglés: Tabla de Tiempos Verbales
La voz activa y pasiva son dos formas de construir oraciones en inglés, enfocándose en el sujeto o en la acción. A continuación, se presenta una tabla completa con ejemplos de cómo se forman en diferentes tiempos verbales:
| Tiempo Verbal | Voz Activa | Voz Pasiva | Oración Activa (Ejemplo) | Oración Pasiva (Ejemplo) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simple Present | keep | is kept | I keep the butter in the fridge. | The butter is kept in the fridge. |
| Present Continuous | is keeping | is being kept | John is keeping my house tidy. | My house is being kept tidy. |
| Simple Past | kept | was kept | Mary kept her schedule meticulously. | Mary's schedule was kept meticulously. |
| Past Continuous | was keeping | was being kept | The theater was keeping a seat for you. | A seat was being kept for you. |
| Present Perfect | have kept | have been kept | I have kept all your old letters. | All your old letters have been kept. |
| Past Perfect | had kept | had been kept | He had kept up his training regimen for a month. | His training regimen had been kept up for a month. |
| Simple Future | will keep | will be kept | Mark will keep the ficus. | The ficus will be kept. |
| Conditional Present | would keep | would be kept | If you told me, I would keep your secret. | If you told me, your secret would be kept. |
| Conditional Past | would have kept | would have been kept | I would have kept your bicycle here if you had left it with me. | Your bicycle would have been kept here if you had left it with me. |
| Present Infinitive | to keep | to be kept | She wants to keep the book. | The book wants to be kept. |
| Perfect Infinitive | to have kept | to have been kept | Judy was happy to have kept the puppy. | The puppy was happy to have been kept. |
| Present Participle & Gerund | keeping | being kept | I have a feeling that you may be keeping a secret. | I have a feeling that a secret may be being kept. |
| Perfect Participle | having kept | having been kept | Having kept the bird in a cage for so long, Jade wasn't sure it could survive in the wild. | The bird, having been kept in a cage for so long, might not survive in the wild. |
Tipos de Condicionales en Inglés
Los condicionales se utilizan para expresar situaciones hipotéticas o reales y sus posibles consecuencias. Existen cuatro tipos principales:
Condicional Tipo Cero (Zero Conditional)
Se utiliza para situaciones que son siempre verdaderas o hechos científicos.
| Proposición "if" (Condición) | Proposición Principal (Resultado) |
|---|---|
| If + Simple Present | Simple Present |
| If this thing happens | that thing happens. |
| If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils. | Si calientas agua a 100 grados, hierve. |
Condicional Tipo 1 (First Conditional)
Se utiliza para situaciones reales o posibles en el futuro.
| Proposición "if" (Condición) | Proposición Principal (Resultado) |
|---|---|
| If + Simple Present | Simple Future |
| If this thing happens | that thing will happen. |
| If it rains, we will stay home. | Si llueve, nos quedaremos en casa. |
Condicional Tipo 2 (Second Conditional)
Se utiliza para situaciones hipotéticas o improbables en el presente o futuro.
| Proposición "if" (Condición) | Proposición Principal (Resultado) |
|---|---|
| If + Simple Past | Present Conditional (would + base form of the verb) o Present Continuous Conditional (would be + -ing form) |
| If this thing happened | that thing would happen. (No tengo seguridad de que tal cosa sucedería) O that thing would be happening. |
| If I won the lottery, I would travel the world. | Si ganara la lotería, viajaría por el mundo. |
Condicional Tipo 3 (Third Conditional)
Se utiliza para situaciones hipotéticas en el pasado, es decir, algo que no sucedió.
| Proposición "if" (Condición) | Proposición Principal (Resultado) |
|---|---|
| If + Past Perfect | Perfect Conditional (would have + past participle) o Perfect Continuous Conditional (would have been + -ing form) |
| If this thing had happened | that thing would have happened. (Ninguna de tales cosas sucedió realmente) O that thing would have been happening. |
| If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam. | Si hubiera estudiado más, habría aprobado el examen. |